un plant, on Is as Tollows. CHs + H2 - CH12 The complete process of producing cyclohexane uses a reactor and a separator. Using the process shown below and assuming 20 % excess hydrogen in the fresh feed, find the ratio of the recycle stream to the fresh feed stream, the composition of the final product stream, and the composition of the stream leaving the reactor. The overall conversion of benzene is 92% and the single-pass conversion is 21.5 %. The recycle stream is composed of 23.9 % benzene and the remaining hydrogen. Fresh Feed REACTOR SEPARATOR Product Recycle

un plant, on Is as Tollows. CHs + H2 - CH12 The complete process of producing cyclohexane uses a reactor and a separator. Using the process shown below and assuming 20 % excess hydrogen in the fresh feed, find the ratio of the recycle stream to the fresh feed stream, the composition of the final product stream, and the composition of the stream leaving the reactor. The overall conversion of benzene is 92% and the single-pass conversion is 21.5 %. The recycle stream is composed of 23.9 % benzene and the remaining hydrogen. Fresh Feed REACTOR SEPARATOR Product Recycle

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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1 mol propane (C3H8) and stoichiometric amount of oxygen (O2) needed to combust propane was preheated to 400 K. After combustion, the products released are at 1500 K. The combustion products are H2O(l) and CO2(g). With 100% conversion was achieved, estimate the total heat released. Calculate the heat requirement for a reactor in combusting 1 mol of methane, CH4, with 25% excess air until the products reach a temperature of 1000 K. The reactants entered the reactor at 298.15 K and 100% conversion of methane is achieved. Assume air is approximately 21% O2 and 79% N2 and products are H2O(l) and CO2(g). Hint for both #1 and #2 – Combustion products at 298 K is CO2(g) and H2O(l). If the exiting temperature is above 373.15 K, H2O will leave as H2O(g). Therefore, you should account for the phase change of H2O(l) to H2O(g).
The production of cement results in significant GHG emissions. The emissions are caused by the decomposition of calcium carbonate (limestone) to calcium oxide (lime) and carbon dioxide. This process known as calcination, is carried out in kilns. Therefore, additional GHGs are emitted as a result of heating the kilns. A large cement manufacturer uses a mix of coal, natural gas, and biomass in its boiler. This mix produces the following amounts of GHGs per Million BTUs of energy: • 250 lbs CO2/MMBtu • 5 lbs CH4/MMBtu • 0.36 lbs N2O/MMBtu Process carbon emissions from the calcination process produce 925 lbs of carbon dioxide per metric ton of cement. In addition, the plant uses 1.7 Million BTUs of energy per metric ton of cement. If the plant produces 180,000 metric tons of cement annually, how many metric tons of CO2e does it emit?
A chemical manufacturer produces ethylene oxide by burning ethylene gas with air in the presence of catalyst. If the conditions are carefully controlled, a substantial fraction of ethylene remains unconverted and some is completely oxidized to form carbon dioxide and water. Formation of carbon monoxide is negligible. After the gases leaving the absorber is as follows: 9.6%CO2, 3.0%O2 and 6.4% ethylene. Of the ethylene entering the reactor, what percentage is converted to ethylene oxide?
Coal-fired power plants emit CO2, which is one of the gases that is of concern with regard to global warming. A technique that power plants can adopt to keep most of the CO2 from entering the air is called CO2 capture and storage (CCS). If the incremental cost of the sequestration process is $0.019 per kilowatt-hour, what is the present worth of the extra cost over a 3-year period to a manufacturing plant that uses 100,000 kWh of power per month? The interest rate is 12% per year compounded quarterly.
A mixture containing 42 wt% benzene (B) and 58 wt% toluene (T) is fed to a distillation column at a flow rate of 100 kg per minute. The product steam leaving the top of the column (the overhead product) contains 90 wt% benzene and 85 wt% of the total benzene fed to the column exits in this overhead product stream. Calculate the mass flow rate and mass composition of the product stream leaving the bottom of the column. Calculate the volumetric flow rate of the overhead product, assuming that it exits the distillation column as a vapour stream at 82C and 1 atm (abs). Physical Property Data (S.G.= specific gravity) from table B-1: Benzene S.G. = 0.879 MW = 78.11 g/mol Toluene S.G. = 0.866 MW = 92.13 g/mol Water Density = 1.00 kg/L MW = 18.02 g/mol R = 0.08206 L atm/mol K
Chlorodifluoromethane (CHF2Cl) was widely used in the compression/cooling circuits of refrigeration or air-conditioning systems. Since the discovery that such compounds (HCFCs and CFC's) released into the atmosphere were a major cause of depletion of stratospheric ozone, newer refrigeration systems make use of certain hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), which are degraded in the lower atmosphere, instead. Often, mixtures of such compounds are used. Suppose a sample of refrigerant gas consisting of a simple mixture of the gases pentafluoroethane (C2HF5) and difluorormethane (CH2F2) has a density of 3.06 g/L at 14 °C and 0.974 atm. Calculate the average molecular mass for this sample
Chlorodifluoromethane (CHF2Cl) was widely used in the compression/cooling circuits of refrigeration or air-conditioning systems. Since the discovery that such compounds (HCFCs and CFC's) released into the atmosphere were a major cause of depletion of stratospheric ozone, newer refrigeration systems make use of certain hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), which are degraded in the lower atmosphere, instead. Often, mixtures of such compounds are used. Suppose a sample of refrigerant gas consisting of a simple mixture of the gases pentafluoroethane (C2HF5) and difluorormethane (CH2F2) has a density of 1.43 g/L at 26 °C and 0.405 atm. Calculate the average molecular mass for this sample. Calculate the volume percentage of CH2F2 in the sample.
Chlorodifluoromethane (CHF2Cl) was widely used in the compression/cooling circuits of refrigeration or air-conditioning systems. Since the discovery that such compounds (HCFCs and CFC's) released into the atmosphere were a major cause of depletion of stratospheric ozone, newer refrigeration systems make use of certain hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), which are degraded in the lower atmosphere, instead. Often, mixtures of such compounds are used. Suppose a sample of refrigerant gas consisting of a simple mixture of the gases pentafluoroethane (C2HF5) and 111-trifluoroethane (C2H3F3) has a density of 2.39 g/L at 23 °C and 0.593 atm. 1. Calculate the average molecular mass for this sample. 2. Calculate the volume percentage of C2H3F3 in the sample.
Chlorodifluoromethane (CHF2Cl) was widely used in the compression/cooling circuits of refrigeration or air-conditioning systems. Since the discovery that such compounds (HCFCs and CFC's) released into the atmosphere were a major cause of depletion of stratospheric ozone, newer refrigeration systems make use of certain hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), which are degraded in the lower atmosphere, instead. Often, mixtures of such compounds are used. Suppose a sample of refrigerant gas consisting of a simple mixture of the gases pentafluoroethane (C2HF5) and 111- trifluoroethane ((C2H3F3) has a density of1.95 g/L at 23 °C and 0.432 atm. Calculate the average molecular mass for this sample. Calculate the volume percentage of C2H3F3 in the sample.
Chlorodifluoromethane (CHF2Cl) was widely used in the compression/cooling circuits of refrigeration or air-conditioning systems. Since the discovery that such compounds (HCFCs and CFC's) released into the atmosphere were a major cause of depletion of stratospheric ozone, newer refrigeration systems make use of certain hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), which are degraded in the lower atmosphere, instead. Often, mixtures of such compounds are used. Suppose a sample of refrigerant gas consisting of a simple mixture of the gases pentafluoroethane (C2HF5) and difluorormethane (CH2F2) has a density of 2.99 g/L at 22 °C and 0.810 atm. Calculate the average molecular mass for this sample.8.94×101 amu Calculate the volume percentage of CH2F2 in the sample.
Chlorodifluoromethane (CHF2Cl) was widely used in the compression/cooling circuits of refrigeration or air-conditioning systems. Since the discovery that such compounds (HCFCs and CFC's) released into the atmosphere were a major cause of depletion of stratospheric ozone, newer refrigeration systems make use of certain hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), which are degraded in the lower atmosphere, instead. Often, mixtures of such compounds are used. Suppose a sample of refrigerant gas consisting of a simple mixture of the gases pentafluoroethane (C2HF5) and difluorormethane (CH2F2) has a density of 3.06 g/L at 14 °C and 0.974 atm. Calculate the volume percentage of CH2F2 in the sample.
Use only the first decimal points (X.X) for atomic masses. R = 8.314 L*kPa/mole*K. In a reactor at 350.0 kPA and 95 °C, HCl adds to acetylene by the following reaction:2HCl(g) + C2H2(g) --> C2Cl2H4(g)39.1 g of HCl and 39.1 g of acetylene are placed into the reactor. What is the limiting reagent? What is the final volume of the system?