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Unsymmetrical
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Oxidation with Oxygen in presence of silver catalyst at 250 C and high pressure
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Hydration in presence of acidic aqueous medium |
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Ozonolysis in presence of Zinc and acidic medium |
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Hydroboration in presence of hydrogen peroxide and NaOH |
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Oxidation with permangante |
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- Unsymmetrical alkene (1-butene) may be converted to Glycol by which of the following reactions options: Hydroboration in presence of hydrogen peroxide and NaOH Hydration in presence of acidic aqueous medium Oxidation with permangante Oxidation with Oxygen in presence of silver catalyst at 250 C and high pressure Ozonolysis in presence of Zinc and acidic mediumα-Terpinene, C10H16, is a pleasant-smelling hydrocarbon that has been isolated from oil of marjoram. On hydrogenation over a palladium catalyst, α-terpinene reacts with 2 molar equivalents of H2 to yield a hydrocarbon, C10H20. On ozonolysis, followed by reduction with zinc and acetic acid, α-terpinene yields two products, glyoxal and 6-methyl-2,5- heptanedione. (a) How many degrees of unsaturation does a-terpinene have? (b) How many double bonds and how many rings does it have? (c) Propose a structure for a-terpinene.Alkenes can be hydrated to form alcohols by (1) hydroboration followed by oxidation with alkaline hydrogen peroxide and (2) acid-catalyzed hydration. Compare the product formed from each alkene by sequence (1) with those formed from (2). Q.) cis-2-Butene
- Each of the following alcohols has been subjected to acid-catalyzed dehydration and yields a mixture of two isomeric alkenes. Identify the two alkenes in each case, and predict which one is the major product.Like other electrophiles, carbocations add to alkenes to form new carbocations, which can then undergo substitution or elimination reactions depending on the reaction conditions. With this in mind, consider the following reactions of nerol, a natural product isolated from lemon grass and other plant sources. Treatment of nerol with TsOH forms α-terpineol as the major product, whereas treatment of nerol with chlorosulfonic acid, HSO3Cl, forms a constitutional isomer, α-cyclogeraniol. Write stepwise mechanisms for both processes. Each mechanism involves the addition of an electrophile—a carbocation—to a double bond.Like other electrophiles, carbocations add to alkenes to form new carbocations, which can then undergo substitution or elimination reactions depending on the reaction conditions. With this in mind, consider the following reactions of nerol, a natural product isolated from lemon grass and other plant sources. Treatment of nerol with TsOH forms α-terpineol as the major product, whereas treatment of nerol with chlorosulfonic acid, HSO3Cl, forms a constitutional isomer, αcyclogeraniol. Write stepwise mechanisms for both processes. Each mechanism involves the addition of an electrophile— a carbocation—to a double bond.
- Compound P (C2H4) which is an alkene undergoes reaction with HCl to produce compound Q (C2H5Cl). Reaction of compound Q with benzene in the presence of AlCl3 as catalyst produces compound R. Then, nitration of compound R in the presence ofnH2SO4 produces two compounds, S and T. But when compound R is reacted with a hot acidified solution of alkaline KMnO4 gives compound U. Deduce the structure of compounds P to U.Both cis- and trans-2-methylcyclohexanol undergo dehydration in warm sulfuric acid to give 1-methylcyclohexene as the major alkene product. These alcohols can also be converted to alkenes by tosylation using TsCl and pyridine, followed by elimination using KOC(CH3)3 as a strong base. Under these basic conditions, the tosylate of cis-2-methylcyclohexanoleliminates to give mostly 1-methylcyclohexene, but the tosylate of trans-2-methylcyclohexanol eliminates to give only 3-methylcyclohexene. Explain how this stereochemical difference in reactants controls a regiochemical difference in the products of the basic elimination, but not in the acid-catalyzed elimination.Bromine reacts with alkenes in methanol according to the equation: - When this reaction was carried out with 4-tert-butylcyclohexene, only one isomer was formed with the molecular formula C12H23BrO (80% yield). Which of the following is the structure more reasonable for this compound?. Explain your reasoning through acorresponding mechanism.
- As the molecular weight of alkenes increases, the boiling points also increase. Which ofthe following factors is best associated to this trend? *Dipole interactionGeometric isomerismStructural isomerismSurface areaA radical substitution reaction is primarily observed in the following reactions. Whichreaction is it? *Oxidation of but-2-eneChlorination of butaneBoiling of hex-3-eneCombustion of methaneWhich among the following compounds has the most electronegative carbon in itsstructure? *ButyneBenzeneBenzaldehydeCyclobutaneThe academic version of the process invention program (PIP) contains several examples, as follows: HDAl-hydrodealkylation of toluene to produce benzene CYHEXl-cyclohexane production by hydrogenation of benzene STYRl-styrene production from ethylbenzene XYLl-production of m-xylene from toluene ANHYDl-reaction of acetone and acetic acid to form acetic anhydride BUTALl-alkylation reaction of butene-1 and isobutane to produce iso-octane Select the “new plant design” mode and the “look at existing flow sheet” option, and follow the synthesis steps for one of these processes. ‘Obtain the current flow sheet as output at each level of the synthesis procedure. Also list the heuristics used at each step.Which of the following statements is correct? Hydroboration-oxidation reactions of alkenes involve rearrangement of carbocations. Reduction of trialkylborane in hydroboration-oxidation of alkenes involves hydrogen peroxide. Perhydroxy ion acts as an electrophile as it attacks trialkylborane in hydroboration-oxidation reactions of alkenes. Trialkylborane undergoes one round of oxidation to produce 2 moles of alcohol. None of the above. Both the 2nd and the 3rd statements are correct.