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- If a country is running a government budget surplus, why is (T - G) on the left side of the saving-investment identity?Use the demand-and-supply of foreign currency graph to determine what would happen to a small, open economy that experienced capital outflows.a Figure 1 shows the exogenous world interest rate (r*) determines the level of investment (I) and the difference between saving (S) and investment determines net capital outflow and net exports (NX) for a small open economy. What would happen to I, NX and S if: i. The government of this small open economy uses expansionary fiscal policy. ii. The government of other countries (abroad) uses contractionary fiscal policy. b Suppose the price of a cup of tea is Rs.50 in Pakistan and $2 in USA, the value of nominal exchange rate is $0.006364 per PKR. Calculate the value of real exchange rate (ε) and interprete its meaning. Also, discuss the relationship between net exports (NX) and real exchange rate. c Briefly explain the theory of purchasing power parity (PPP) with the help of example.
- show in graph how the current account got a deficit of 12% GDP and the budget deficit of 3%. Suppose a country has a large current account deficit (in the vicinity of 12% of GDP). It has a gross capital formation rate of 28% of GDP. The country has an overall budget deficit of 3% of GDP. The share of Household and NPISHs Final Consumption Expenditure is 68% of GDP and that of General Government Final Consumption Expenditure is 12%.In an open economy, national saving equalsdomestic investmenta. plus the government’s budget deficit.b. minus the net exports of goods and services.c. plus the net outflow of capital.d. minus foreign portfolio investmenta) True or False? In Mankiw’s model of an open economy, the demand for loanable funds has two components: one is the need of domestic residents to borrow to purchase newly produced capital goods, and the second is their need to borrow to purchase foreign assets b) True or False? In Mankiw’s model of an open economy, the nominal exchange rate, e, is determined by the interaction of the supply of dollars and the demand for dollars in the market for foreign currency exchange. c) In an open economy, an increase in a country’s real interest rate will (discourage,encourage) domestic purchases of foreign assets and will (discourage, encourage) foreign purchases of domestic assets. Therefore, an increase in the real interest rate will (increase,reduce) net capital outflow. Answer these three sub-parts
- a)In the two-period small open economy model, explain how the nation makes its choices. b) In the two-period SOE model, suppose that the country is initially running a current account deficit. Then, suppose that the real interest rate falls. Determine the equilibrium effects, and explain.1. Consider an economy described by the following equations;Y = C + I + G +NXY = 5,000G = 1,000T = 1,000C = 250 + 0.75(Y–T)I = 1,000 – 50rNX = 500 – 500εr = r*=5%a) In this economy, solve for national saving, investment, trade balance and the equilibriumexchange rate.b) Suppose now that G rises to 1,200. Solve for national saving, investment, trade balance andthe equilibrium exchange rate and trade balance.Would each of the following groups be happy orunhappy if the U.S. dollar appreciated? Explain.a. Dutch pension funds holding U.S. governmentbondsb. U.S. manufacturing industriesc. Australian tourists planning a trip to the UnitedStatesd. an American firm trying to purchase propertyoverseas
- this question has three questions . What proportion of this country’s total gross capital formation (or investment) can be financed from national savings, and what part must be financed from external resources? What are the various forms these external resources could take? show in graph how the current account got a deficit of 12% GDP and the budget deficit of 3%. Suppose a country has a large current account deficit (in the vicinity of 12% of GDP). It has a gross capital formation rate of 28% of GDP. The country has an overall budget deficit of 3% of GDP. The share of Household and NPISHs Final Consumption Expenditure is 68% of GDP and that of General Government Final Consumption Expenditure is 12%. What proportion of this country’s total gross capital formation (or investment) can be financed from national savings and what part must be financed from external resources? What are the various forms these external resources could take?A government official announces a new policy. Thecountry wishes to eliminate its trade deficit, but willstrongly encourage financial investment from foreignfirms. Explain why such a statement is contradictory.A pro-savings policy by the US would likely reduce the US trade deficit.True/False and Explain