Use the data in the graph above to estimate a KM value for the enzyme in the presence of these metabolites, and enter them into the table below. b. Classify these metabolites as either activators or inhibitors, and explain your rationale below.
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4. a. Use the data in the graph above to estimate a KM value for the enzyme in the presence of these metabolites, and enter them into the table below.
b. Classify these metabolites as either activators or inhibitors, and explain your rationale below.
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- Assume that all carbon atoms and nitrogen atoms in both alanine and aspartate are labelledwith radioisotopes. Then, the radioisotope-labelled alanine and aspartate molecules areallowed to undergo metabolism in the liver. All carbon atoms and nitrogen atoms in both ureaand glutamine are found to be labelled with radioisotopes. Please write down the metabolicreactions that lead to the incorporation of radioisotope-labelled carbon and nitrogen atoms intourea and glutamine.The enzyme serine hydroxymethy ltransferase (SHMT) catalyses the conversion of serine into glycine. The fo llowing table gives the initial rates, vo, for the SHMT-catalysed reaction of the substrate serine at var ious concentratio ns of serine, lSI.[S]/(mmol dm-3) 10 20 30 40vo(μmol dm-3 s-1) 1.63 2.94 4.10 4.95Use the data to determine the values of the MichaelisMenten constant, the maximum velocity of the reaction, and the maximum turnover number of the enzyme.TPCK and TLCK are irreversible inhibitors of serine proteases. One ofthese inhibits trypsin and the other chymotrypsin. Which is which? Explainyour reasoning. Suggest the effects of each of the following mutations on the physiologicalrole of chymotrypsinogen:(a) R15S(b) C1S(c) T147S
- A Deficiency on 3-Phosphogtycerate Dehydrogenase Can Affect Amino Acid Metabolism Although serine is a nonessential amino acid, serine deficiency syndrome has been observed in humans. One such form of the syndrome is traceable to a deficiency in 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (see Figure 25.31). Individuals with this syndrome not only arc serine-deficient but also arc impaired in their ability to synthesize another common ammo acid, as well as a class of lipids. Describe why.The activity of the mammalian PDH complex is observed to decrease in mitochondria in thepresence of pyruvate when malonate is added to the preparation. How can the inhibition be relievedby addition of malate. Explain.This is a visible spectra between 390-590 nm obtained during the protein separation process of haemoglobin and cytochrome c using CM Sephadex chromatography. I'd like the results shown on the image interpreted. Look for characteristic peaks or patterns that correspond to the absorption properties of these proteins in the visible range.
- The interconverison of DHAP and GAP greatly favors the formation of DHAP at equilibirum. Yet the conversion of DHAP by triose phosphate isomerase proceeds readily. Why?Thesecondarystructureofaproteinisinfluencedbybothhydrogen bonding and London dispersion forces. a. Usingastructuralformula,showanexampleofhydrogenbonding between the serine portion of a protein and the tyrosine portion b. Usingastructuralformula,showanexampleofLondondispersionforces between the leucine portion of a protein and the valine portiontrue or false: Glutamine PRPP amidotransferase is regulated via product inhibition.
- Some microorganisms lack DHFR activity, but their thymidylate synthase has an FAD cofactor. What is the function of the FAD?ATP is a (+) allosteric effector, and CTP is a (-) allosteric effector of theenzyme ATCase. Both of these heterotropic effectors bind to the regulatorysubunits on ATCase. The substrates of ATCase, aspartate and carbamoylphosphate, bind the enzyme active site with positive cooperativity (i.e.,they exert a “+” homotropic effect on activity). As the concentrations ofthe substrates change from values where [S] ≪ KM to values where [S] issaturating ([S]≫ KM), how will the binding constants for each of the twoallosteric effectors change? In other words, does ATP bind ATCase withhigher affinity when [S] is low or high? Does CTP bind ATCase with higheraffinity when [S] is low or high?Tyrosinase enzyme activity is assayed by monitoring the oxidation of 3, 4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (dopa) to the red-colored dopachrome. Calculate the tyrosinase activity (U/mL) by using the experimental data given below