Use the following information to calculate the standard free energy change (AG°) and equilibrium constant (K) for the following system:CaCO3(s) = CaO(s) + CO2(g)T= 900.0 °CAH;° values (kJ/mol): CaO(s) = -634.9, CO2(g) = -393.51, CaCO3(s) =–1220.0%3DS° values (J/mol K): CaO(s) = 110.0, CO2(g) = 213.8, CACO3(s) = 38.1%3D%3D%3D

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Answered: Use the following information to…

Principles of Modern Chemistry

8th Edition

ISBN:9781305079113

Author:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. Butler

Publisher:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. Butler

Chapter14: Chemical Equilibrium

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 15P

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What is the sign of the standard Gibbs free-energy change at low temperatures and at high temperatures for the explosive decomposition of TNT? Use your knowledge of TNT and the chemical equation, particularly the phases, to answer this question. (Thermodynamic data for TNT are not in Appendix G.) 2C7H5N3O6(s) 3N2(g) + 5H2O() + 7C(s) + 7CO(g)
Actually, the carbon in CO2(g) is thermodynamically unstable with respect to the carbon in calcium carbonate(limestone). Verify this by determining the standardGibbs free energy change for the reaction of lime,CaO(s), with CO2(g) to make CaCO3(s).
The Ostwald process for the commercial production of nitric acid involves three steps: 4NH3(g)+5O2(g)825CPt4NO(g)+6H2O(g)2NO(g)+O2(g)2NO2(g)3NO2(g)+H2O(l)2HNO3(l)+NO(g) a. Calculate H, S,G and K (at 298 K) for each of the three steps in the Ostwald process (see Appendix 4). b. Calculate the equilibrium constant for the first step at 825C, assuming H and S do not depend on temperature. c. Is there a thermodynamic reason for the high temperature in the first step, assuming standard conditions?
Using values of fH and S, calculate rG for each of the following reactions at 25 C. (a) 2 Na(s) + 2 H2O() 2 NaOH(aq) + H2(g) (b) 6 C(graphite) + 3 H2(g) C6H6() Which of these reactions is (are) predicted to be product-favored at equilibrium? Are the reactions enthalpy- or entropy-driven?
One of the reactions that destroys ozone in the upper atmosphere is NO(g)+O3(g)NO2(g)+O2(g) Using data from Appendix 4, calculate G and K (at 298 K) for this reaction.
Given the following data for sodium Na(s): S =51.2 J/mol K Na(g): S =153.6 J/mol K H f =108.7 kJ/mol K estimate the temperature at which sodium sublimes at 1 atm. Na(s)Na(g)
What information can be determined from G for a reaction? Does one get the same information from G, the standard free energy change? G allows determination of the equilibrium constant K for a reaction. How? How can one estimate the value of K at temperatures other than 25C for a reaction? How can one estimate the temperature where K = 1 for a reaction? Do all reactions have a specific temperature where K = 1?
Determine the standard Gibbs free energy change, rG, for the reactions of liquid methanol, of CO(g), and ofethyne, C2H2(g), with oxygen gas to form gaseous carbondioxide and (if hydrogen is present) liquid water at298 K. Use your calculations to decide which of thesesubstances are kinetically stable and which are thermodynamically stable: CH3OH(), CO(g), C2H9(g), CO2(g),H2O().
The equilibrium constant for a certain reaction increases by a factor of 6.67 when the temperature is increased from 300.0 K to 350.0 K. Calculate the standard change in enthalpy (H) for this reaction (assuming H is temperature-independent).
Using data from Appendix 4, calculate H, G, and K (at 298 K) for the production of ozone from oxygen: 3O2(g)2O3(g) At 30 km above the surface of the earth, the temperature is about 230. K and the partial pressure of oxygen is about 1.0 103 atm. Estimate the partial pressure of ozone in equilibrium with oxygen at 30 km above the earth's surface. Is it reasonable to assume that the equilibrium between oxygen and ozone is maintained under these conditions? Explain.

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