Q: Are any cellular structures other than amyloplasts stained intensely by iodine?
A: An amyloplast is a plastid type of organelle which produces and stores starch-like materials in the…
Q: Approximately how many bacterial colonies are present on plate B?
A: Bacteria are small, microscopic, and unicellular organisms that are found almost everywhere on the…
Q: How is a prophage induced to become active again?
A: Prophage can be defined as the bacteriophage genome which is inserted and integrated into the…
Q: What are the two different shapes of Bacillus?
A: Bacteria are a type of biological cell. They constitute a large domain of prokaryotic…
Q: What is the role of a prophage in persistent infections?
A: A prophage is also referred as bactriophage as prophages are viruses that infects bacteria.…
Q: What is rarity in SCA?
A: Spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) is refers to a group of hereditary ataxias characterized by…
Q: What conditions may have promoted bacterial growth?
A: There are some conditions that may have promoted bacterial growth. Here we will discuss the factors…
Q: What is the effect of temperature in the formation of milk foams?
A: Foam is an object formed by trapping pockets of gas in a liquid or solid.
Q: What is germicide used to kill?
A: A substance or specialist that kills germs, particularly pathogenic microorganisms; a disinfectant.…
Q: What is botulism?
A: Any infectious agent or microorganism (Virus, bacterium, protozoa, ETC) that can cause disease is a…
Q: What are curds and whey, and what causes them?
A: Cheese is a dairy product derived from milk, is produced in a very wide range of flavors and…
Q: What are the present microorganisms in flat, flipper, springer, soft swell and hard swell?
A: Canning is a method of protection of the food in which the food contents are processed and sealed in…
Q: What are the dimensions of therod-shaped bacterium Escherichia coli?
A: Bacteria are microscopic, single-celled, prokaryotic organisms. They are much smaller than other…
Q: What bacteria is gram negative?
A: Bacteria are member of a large group of unicellular microorganism. It has cell walls but lack…
Q: what is the browning reactions that occur in squash soup?
A: Answer : browning reactions are the reaction which are there in the vegetables And the fruits which…
Q: What factors can increase the rate of diff usion?
A: Movement of GAS from high concentration to low concentration is called diffusion
Q: What function does the capsule have for Streptococcus mutans?
A: The capsule is the extracellular gel-like layer that surrounds the outside of cell wall of many…
Q: What is anneal ?
A: DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid. It is the genetic material of the organisms that transfer from…
Q: How do microfi lariae get into the blood?
A: Microfilariae is an early stage in the life cycle of certain parasitic nematodes belonging to the…
Q: What is the generic name of Prolixin ?
A: A drug is defined as a substance or a medicine capable of altering the physiological function of the…
Q: What is chemotaxonomy?
A: Taxonomy is the field of biology that classifies living and extinct organisms according to the set…
Q: How does bacterial growth occur?
A: Bacteria are prokaryotic unicellular organisms. They have a relatively simple cell structure…
Q: what is the aversge generation time for E. coli?
A: Generation times for microscopic organisms fluctuate from around 12 minutes to 24 hours or more.…
Q: What is Germophology
A: Geomorphology is the investigation of landforms, their cycles, structure and silt at the outside of…
Q: What is the most common gram-negative bacterium that can cause UTI in adults?
A: Microorganisms are rarely seen in urine (germs). Urine could be a consequence of our kidneys'…
Q: What are the scientific principles involved with fracking?
A: Fracking is defined as a process to increase natural gas and oil extraction from underground…
Q: Where do balantidium coli reside?
A: Bacteria are microscopic organisms which belong to prokaryote because these are unicellular…
Q: spray zone” exist?
A: The area where the ocean meets land is called a shore. Ashore can be divided into two zones, an…
Q: Name the site where detoxification of xenobiotic compounds takes place?
A: Introduction :- The organelle endoplasmic reticulum, present in almost all eukaryotic cells is an…
Q: What is a suspension of killed pathogenic bacteria known as?
A: Bacteria are microscopic single-celled prokaryotes that thrive in diverse environmental conditions.…
Q: What is the purpose of the lab whereby you take a throat swab and identify the normal bacteria in…
A: A throat culture is a test that looks for germs that can cause an infection (such as bacteria or…
Q: What bacteria is gram positive ?
A: The bacteria are the prokaryotes and some of them are classified on the basis of their ability to…
Q: Which organism can produce pyocyanin?
A: Answer. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is considered one of the most common pathogens in hospitals. It is an…
Q: What causes enuresis ?
A: ENURESIS- Enuresis is the inability to control urination on a regular basis. The word is often…
Q: What do hemolysis and crenation help explain?
A: Cell membranes are semipermeable barriers, and osmotic gradients are established between…
Q: What is Trypanosoma ?
A: The parasites are the organism that lives in another organism called the host. Without the organism…
Q: What is bacterium Shigella ?
A: Bacteria are minuscule single-celled organisms found in millions in all environments, both within…
Q: why is Brocardia anammoxidan a Gram-negative bacteria? what does gram negative bacteria mean?
A: Answer. Bacteria are microscopic, relatively simple, prokaryotic organisms whose cell lacks a…
Q: How long does a bacterial infection last without antibiotics?
A: Most of the bacterial infections are localized and remain in the specific body part without…
Q: what are the structures of gram negative cells? what are the structures of gram positive cells?
A: Bacteria are single-celled prokaryotes ubiquitous in nature. As such, they can be found in different…
Q: what is the thermal death time? what is the thermal death time for Bacillus subtilis and…
A:
Q: How do the processes of nitrification and denitrification differ?
A: Both denitritification and nitrification are important processes for nitrogen balance in ecosystem…
Q: What are HFR bacteria?
A: Conjugation process refers to the horizontal transfer of genetic material of bacteria through direct…
Q: What are the reasons that triggers enuresis ?
A: Bedwetting is another name for enuresis. The most prevalent type of elimination issue is nocturnal…
Q: What do recycle means?
A: The conversion of waste material into the reusable ones is called recycling. The benefits of…
Microbial Physiology
Microbial physiology is the branch of microbiology that is associated with studying the physiology of fungi, bacteria, and viruses. It is an important field of science concerning functional genomics and metabolic engineering.
Chemotaxis
The organism’s movement in a particular direction as a response to certain chemicals that are available in the environment is defined as chemotaxis. In brief, it can be defined as the occurrence of an organism’s movement in response to a certain chemical stimulus.
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- (problem 2.25 textbook, see page 41) Stoichiometry and Incomplete Reactions For production of penicillin (C16H18O4N2S) using Penicillium mold, glucose (C6H12O6) is used as a substrate and phenylacetic acid (C8H8O2) is added as a precursor. The stoichiometry for overall synthesis is: 1.67 C6H12O6 + 2NH3 + 0.5O2+ H2SO4 + C8H8O2 à C16H18O4N2S + 2CO2 + 9H2O What is the maximum theoretical yield of penicillin from glucose in g/g? When results from a particular penicillin fermentation were analyzed, it was found that 24% of the glucose had been used for growth, 70% for cell maintenance activities (such as membrane transport and macromolecule turnover) and only 6% for penicillin synthesis. Calculate the yield of penicillin from glucose in g/g under these conditions. Batch fermentation under the conditions described in part b) is carried out in a 100-liter Remember that only 6% of the glucose is used for penicillin synthesis. Initially, the tank is filled with nutrient medium…Problems 14 and 15: some of the exponents are unclear. Here they are: 14. Calculate vi and the degree of inhibition caused by a competitive inhibitor under the following conditions:(a) [S]=2x10-3 Mand[I]=2x10-3 M(b) [S]=4x10-4 Mand[I]=2x10-3 M (c) [S]=7.5x10-3 Mand[I]=10-5 MAssume that Km = 2 x 10-3 M, Ki = 1.5 x 10-4 M and Vmax = 270 nmoles x liter-1 x min-1.The degree of inhibition is the percent of the uninhibited velocity reached in the presence of the inhibitor. 15. (a) What concentration of competitive inhibitor is required to yield 75% inhibition at a substrate concentration of 1.5 x 10-3 M if Km =2.9x10-4 M and Ki =2x10-5 M? (b)Towhatconcentration must the substrate be increased to reestablish the velocity at theoriginal uninhibited value?Problem 1: For your new year's resolution, you resolve to lose 5lbs of body fat through physical exercise. If you work out hard, you can generate 200 W of mechanical power and be 20% efficient at it. How long will you have to exercise at this rate to burn the desired amount of fat? If you chose to diet instead and cut your food intake of 2400 kcal/day to 1600 kcal/day, how long will it take you to lose the desired amount of weight?
- Problem #1: Indicate the total number of ATPs produced in each of the following oxidation reactions from 5 moles of glucose. A. pyruvate to Acetyl CoA B. glucose to Acetyl CoA C. Citric acid cycleTask №1. The disease is described in which the activity of phosphofructokinase of adipose tissue isn't regulated by citrate. How can the lipid metabolism in adipose tissue be changed in such genetic defect?Problem 3. Excess alcohol consumption can result in fatty liver disease. Liver cells synthesize triacylglycerides from fatty acids formed by fatty acid synthesis. Excess triacylglycerides can accumulate in the liver compromising normal liver function. D.Explain how stimulation of the rate of fatty acid synthesis changes the rate of fatty acid oxidation based on allosteric regulation of the rate-limiting step of beta-oxidation.
- Yeast Catalase Experiment Questions: 1) What is the purpose of having a 0ml hydrogen peroxide group in a yeast catalase experiment? 2) What reactants contain yeast catalase: H2O2 or yeast mixture? 3) What gas is being given when catalase and hydrogen peroxide react?question--The dairy industry uses enzymes to breakdown lactose in milk, especially for those who suffer from lactose intolerance.---- if possible answer all (1-7)if not just 4-7 1,Explain in detail the enzymes involved, the reactions catalyzed, and the improvement in the product. 2,Discuss why they are being used – more efficient, higher yields or less waste? 3,What was used before enzymes if anything? 4,Discuss the risks, especially to living systems and to the environment. 5,Discuss the impact of the process on society. 6,The end of your paper should include your opinion or concerns on this bio-application. 7,Provide proper in-text citations in APA formattingProblem # 3: Calculate the number of moles of ATP produced from the complete oxidation of 900 g glucose in the cells. Show your computation/solution.
- question--The dairy industry uses enzymes to breakdown lactose in milk, especially for those who suffer from lactose intolerance.---- 1,Explain in detail the enzymes involved, the reactions catalyzed, and the improvement in the product. 2,Discuss why they are being used – more efficient, higher yields or less waste? 3,What was used before enzymes if anything? 4,Discuss the risks, especially to living systems and to the environment. 5,Discuss the impact of the process on society. 6,The end of your paper should include your opinion or concerns on this bio-application. 7,Provide proper in-text citations in APA formattingProblem 61 Match each term on the left with its correct definition on the right. If no correct definition is found, leave the term on the left.Problem 3. Excess alcohol consumption can result in fatty liver disease. Liver cells synthesize triacylglycerides from fatty acids formed by fatty acid synthesis. Excess triacylglycerides can accumulate in the liver compromising normal liver function. A.Explain how palmitoyl-CoA is related to fatty acyl CoASH esters (acyl-CoA) B.Explain how increasing the rate of triglyceride formation changes the concentration of acyl-CoA in the cytosol. C.Explain how the rate of triglyceride formation stimulates the rate of fatty acid synthesis based on the concentration of palmitoyl-CoA in the cytosol