What are G-protein-coupled receptors?

Q: What are the types of Receptor cells?

A: The specialized structures which are made up of protein molecules are known as receptors. These are…

Q: What is the role of selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors ?

A: Selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors are drugs that are used to treat various mental…

Q: Explain G coupled protein receptors and protein kinase associated receptors.

A: Receptors are chemically protein or glycoprotein molecules which binds to the signal( ligand).The…

Q: List the general categories of intercellular messengers and brieflydescribe how they differ?

A: Chemical messengers are the substances that deliver the signals.

Q: What is neuroendocrine signalling?

A: Answer- There are some cells that are present in the pituitary and hypothalamus gland that recieves…

Q: What are Receptor proteins ?

A: During the signaling process two types of molecules are involved. These two molecules are ligand and…

Q: What are kinases and what is their role in two-componentregulatory systems?

A: An alteration in the surrounding environment causes the bacterial cells to respond by changing their…

Q: Define: G coupled protein receptors and protein kinase associated receptors

A: G coupled protein receptors are membrane receptors in eukaryotes. These are cell surface receptors…

Q: What are NMDA receptors?

A: Receptors are certain molecules in which certain signalling molecules attach and then there occur…

Q: What is Serotonin?

A: Neurotransmitter  It is a chemical messenger that transmit electrical impulse across the synapse…

Q: Why is cAMP a “second messenger”?

A: Signal transduction in cells is the way that a signal from an external perspective of a phone is…

Q: What are the characteristics of receptors binding to messengers?

A: The plasma membrane contains several transmembrane proteins embedded in them. These proteins are…

Q: What is the chemical nature of receptors?

A: In the world of living cells the process of communication is established in two forms. Intercellular…

Q: What proteins within a cell are phosphorylated when a positive inotropic agent activates the cAMP…

A: The nucleus of the circulatory system is the heart. The heart is exquisitely able to match cardiac…

Q: What is the similarity between the long form of the dopamine type 4 receptor and the more active…

A: Dopamine is produced naturally in human body. Dopamine is a chemical composition that help to…

Q: What is the nature of the receptors that bind intercellular chemical messengers?

A: Chemical messenger can be defined as any compound that serves to transmit the message and may refer…

Q: How is GA signaling mediated

A: ANSWER;- Gibberellin (GA) insight is mediated by GID1 (GA-INSENSITIVE DWARF1), a receptor that shows…

Q: What hormones activate cell surface receptors?

A: Hormones  They are the chemical compounds which carry message from one part of the body to other…

Q: What is the function of most intracellular receptors?

A: There are various kinds of receptors present in the body at the cellular level. They are of the…

Q: What is the dihydropyridine (DHP) receptor?

A: Dihydropyridine (DHP):                            A voltage-dependent calcium channel functions in…

Q: What is paracrine signalling?

A: Cell signaling is the interaction of cell correspondence inside the body driven by cells delivering…

Q: What is the mechanism of receptor-associated hormonal disorder?

A: Any kinds of hormonal imbalance in the body due to various physiological reasons or allergic…

Q: What are AMPA Receptors?

A: We have to explain about AMPA receptors.

Q: List the types of Catecholamines?

A: Two types of catecholamines are : epinephrine , dopamine (adrenaline ) Norepinephrine (Non…

Q: What does Calmodulin-dependent protein kinases lead to?

A: Transferases are a class of enzymes that facilitate transferring groups from one molecule to…

Q: What are the two general possible signaling pathways follow after a G-protein coupled receptor binds…

A: G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the most numerous and varied class of membrane receptors…

Q: How do second messengers work?

A: Cell is the primary unit of life. The phenomenon by which the cells communicate with one another is…

Q: What is the difference between a G protein and a receptor tyrosine kinase? Give an example of a…

A: Proteins are synthesized from the polypeptide molecules and function in several metabolic roles.

Q: What are the features of Receptor?

A: In biological systems, receptors are protein structures that are involved in receiving and…

Q: What are catecholamines?

A: Cells of living beings are composed of organelles which in turn are made up of biomolecules.

Q: How does 17 beta estradiol action differ from that of hormones that bind G-protein-coupled…

A: The hormones are chemical messenger that are released from the endocrine glands or specialised cells…

Q: Which one is known as the second messenger?

A: Cell gives signal to other cell by signalling molecules. This process is referred to as cell…

Q: Why do peptide and steroid hormones bind different kinds of receptor, and how does this difference…

A: Hormones are secreted by endocrine glands and are the chemical messenger that mediates communication…

Q: Why does TPP deficiency lead primarily to neurological disorders?

A: Thiamine or vitamin B1is a water-soluble substance that is consumed from outside sources like food…

Q: What are the differences between selective and non-selective beta blocker?

A: Beta-blockers are drugs that are prescribed to patients with irregular heartbeat, chest pain, and…

Q: When a signal molecule (hormone) binds at a G protein-coupled receptor, the G protein

A: GPCR signaling pathway is the cell surface receptor mediated signaling pathway, in which G protein…

Q: How do beta blockers and thiazide derivatives cause hyperlipodemia?

A: Hyperlipidemia with beta-blockers: *Several antihypertensive drugs have been found to be associated…

Q: What is second messengers?

A: Introduction: Messengers in the cell are chemical substances that carry out signals to different…

Q: Define the term G-protein-coupled receptors?

A: Receptors are chemical structures that are made up of protein. The receptor's main function is to…

Q: How does the binding of cAMP activate the kinase

A: Kinase is an enzyme that catalyses the transfer of phosphate groups from high-energy,…

Q: What is cAMP-dependent protein kinase?

A: In contrast to kinases that modify lipids, carbohydrates, or other molecules, a protein kinase…

Q: Which are the two major classes of receptors for chemical messengers?

A: Receptors and ligands come in a variety of forms and sizes, but they always have one thing in…

Q: What are the effects of calcium as a seconf messenger?

A: The cell signal as two messengers such as, the first messenger and second messengers. The first…

Q: What are Major Second Messengers?

A: Second messengers are molecules that convey signals received at cell surface receptors — such as the…

Cell Signaling

It allows cells to perform various cellular activities, coordinate, and interact with other cells. All cells of an organism receive signals from their environments and respond accordingly. Even the unicellular eukaryotes receive signals secreted by other cells and respond. In the case of yeast, mating takes place by signaling between the yeast cells. Communication by cell signaling in a multicellular organism has become a vast and important part of various fields of biology.