What are the modes oftransmission, main signs andsymptoms and treatments ofhepatitis B?

Q: Describe the etiology and pathophysiology of infectiousendocarditis and pericarditis.

A: Endocarditis is the infection and inflammation of inner lining of the heart called the endocardium.…

Q: What will be the treatment approaches for the management  of constipation?

A: One of the common gastrointestinal disorders involves constipation. It results due to less frequent…

Q: Define myxedema. Explain the pathophysiology of this disease and how is it treated? Define Grave's…

A: Myxedema  A skin and tissue disorder usually due to severe prolonged hypothyroidism. An accumulation…

Q: Discuss the non modifiable factors of pericarditis

A: The pericardium is the inflammation on the outer surface of the heart tissues called the…

Q: How contagious is leptospirosis?

A: Leptospirosis is caused by leptospira bacteria and it is a blood infection. The bacteria that cause…

Q: What is the most common disease in elderly?

A: A disease is an abnormal condition of the body or body that does not work properly and causes a…

Q: what is the pathophysiology of inflammatory bowel disease

A: Inflammatory bowel disease means chronic inflammation of all parts of the digestive system.…

Q: List the common early signs of colorectal cancer,relating each to a particular site.

A: Colorectal cancer, as the name suggests, is a cancer in the colon or rectum area, that is located at…

Q: What are the modes oftransmission, main signs andsymptoms and treatments ofhepatitis C?

A: Hepatitis C is a viral infection and causes inflammation of the liver. It sometimes leads to serious…

Q: What does Treatment for tetanus includes?

A: Tetanus can be defined as the infection caused due to bacteria known as  Clostridium tetani. When…

Q: Explain the role of cholesterol and lipoproteins in thedevelopment of atheromas.

A: In the inner layer of the wall of an artery, an abnormal accumulation of material  called atheroma…

Q: What is Chronic wasting disease ?Explain the main cause of Chronic wasting disease ?

A: A disease is a specific unusual condition that contrarily influences the design or capacity of all…

Q: What three critical elements are required for the pathogenesis of infective endocarditis?

A: Three critical elements are required for the pathogenesis of infective endocarditis are :…

Q: If adequate nutrition and hydration are not maintained,what potential complications may ensue?

A: For health and growth, the process of providing or obtaining food is called nutrition. The study of…

Q: What is the Pathophysiology of Acute Appendicitis (easy and simple)

A: Appendicitis refers to the inflammation of appendix. This typically result in abdominal pain,…

Q: How do the pathophysiologic characteristics and management of stress, urgency, and mixed…

A: Physiology is the study of the working of the internal mechanisms of the body. Pathophysiology is…

Q: Describe the pathophysiology of peritonitis and possiblecomplications.

A: Peritonitis - Peritoneum is a tissue that lines in the inner wall of the abdomen and covers and…

Q: What are the modes oftransmission, main signs andsymptoms and treatments ofhepatitis A?

A: Hepatitis A is a contagious liver infection caused by hepatitis A virus.  vaccine is available for…

Q: What clinical and laboratory findings are indicative of acute pancreatitis?

A: Pancreatitis occurs as a repercussion of intra-pancreatic, premature activation of pancreatic…

Q: What does Plasmapheresis is a treatment involve?

A: Plasmapheresis is a process in which the treatment involves some steps or methods with the help of…

Q: What groups are most at risk for developing hepatitis B?

A: Hepatitis B is a viral infection which is caused by the virus hepatitis B. It is generally…

Q: Describe the pathophysiology, signs, and possiblecomplications of acute pancreatitis.

A: The pancreas is an organ behind the stomach and in close proximity to the small bowel. It produces…

Q: What are the first signs of Well’s disease?

A: Well's disease: it is also known as leptospirosis. It is severe condition of leptospirosis. It is…

Q: Differentiate between primary and secondary polycythemia,and describe the effects on the blood and…

A: Hemoglobin is considered a globular protein found in red blood cells. It possesses four polypeptide…

Q: What lesions are associated with papulosquamous disorders?

A: Introduction: The largest organ in the body is the skin. It envelops the whole body. It acts as a…

Q: Why does an abscess cause focal signs, whereasmeningitis does not?

A: Abscess It is a suppurative infection characterized by localized pus collection and includes dead or…

Q: What mechanisms produce hypercapnia?

A: Hypercapnia, often referred to as hypercarbia and CO2 retention, is a state in which the blood's…

Q: Explain how regular use of bulk laxatives can promoteperistalsis and relieve constipation.

A: Chronic constipation involves few bowel motions or difficult transitions of feces, which last many…

Q: Explain two causes of shock resulting from acutepancreatitis.

A: The disease condition in which inflammation of the pancreas is known as acute pancreatitis. -The…

Q: Define the major pathophysiology, signs, and possible complications of acute  pancreatitis.

A: The pancreas is an organ behind the stomach and in close proximity to the small bowel. It produces…

Q: Describe the pathophysiology and manifestations ofcirrhosis.

A: A disease condition that includes the replacement of the healthy liver tissue with scar tissue that…

Q: What are the tests to differentiate types of jaundice ?

A: Jaundice is defined as the scleral icterus  when serum bilirubin is >3 mg/dl . Jaundice can be…

Q: What is known as bleeders disease?

A: Bleeders disease is a disease in which blood does not clot after an injury. In this injury a blood…

Q: How is chronic hepatitis diagnosed?

A: Finding of Chronic Hepatitis:I). Blood testsii). Infrequently a biopsyiii). Specialists might…

Q: Describe the pain typical of an acute episode of gallstoneobstruction and give the rationale for it.

A: Gallstone  Presence of calculi or gallstone in the gallbladder is called cholelithiasis. Types of…

Q: Explain Hepatitis B according to pathophysiology?

A: Hepatitis B is found to be a serious liver infection. It is caused by the virus named hepatitis B…

Q: What would be the classical presentation of pericarditis in regards to the quality and location of…

A: The pericarditis is divided into acute pericarditis, subacute pericarditis, chronic pericarditis as…

Q: a. Describe the three common types of cirrhosisand give one cause of each.b. State the rationale for…

A: Introduction:- chronic disease of the liver marked by degeneration of cells, inflammation, and…

Q: What is the target antigen in celiac disease?

A: The immune system is a complicated physiological system comprised of several organs, tissues, and…

Q: Discuss important features of leptospirosis.

A: Unicellular organisms are also a group of organisms that inhabit the ecosystem of the earth. These…

Q: enumerate the serological markers of hepatits B and its significance

A: Hepatitis B s antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg), antibody to hepatitis B surface…

Q: What sources other than foods might introduce gluten to the celiac patient?

A: Celiac disease which sometimes called celiac sprue or gluten-sensitive enteropathy, is an immune…

Q: Describe the pathophysiology involved in thevarious stages of acute appendicitis.

A: Acute appendicitis is the infection of the appendix that occurs suddenly and severely. It can lead…

Q: Define cholangioenterostomy

A: For diagnostic or therapeutic reasons invasive technique are used is known as surgery. The procedure…

Environmental health and hazards

An organism's environment is the environment in which it lives and has an impact on its well-being. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines environmental health as "those aspects of public health, such as quality of life, that are influenced by physical, chemical, biological, social, and psychosocial components in the environment." Environmental health is concerned with both natural and man-made settings in order to enhance public health. Environmental science, occupational medicine, toxicology, and epidemiology are the key subdisciplines of environmental health.