What happens to individual Vaccinia viral particles that do not possess the genes necessary to overcome the host defenses? O They fail to replicate and do not pass on their genes O They grow wings and fly away to fight another day O They leave the host cell and find a safe spot to mutate their genes O They try to infect a bacteria cell to steal some virulence genes O They hide in an abandoned organelle for a chance to try again

What happens to individual Vaccinia viral particles that do not possess the genes necessary to overcome the host defenses? O They fail to replicate and do not pass on their genes O They grow wings and fly away to fight another day O They leave the host cell and find a safe spot to mutate their genes O They try to infect a bacteria cell to steal some virulence genes O They hide in an abandoned organelle for a chance to try again

Concepts of Biology

1st Edition

ISBN:9781938168116

Author:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise

Publisher:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise

Chapter17: The Immune System And Disease

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 4RQ: Which statement is true? a. A virion contains DNA and RNA. b. Viruses are acellular. c. Viruses...

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Which statement is true? a. A virion contains DNA and RNA. b. Viruses are acellular. c. Viruses replicate outside of the cell. d. Most viruses are easily visualized with a light microscope.
latent infection by animal viruses is most similar to which of the following events: lytic life cycle in bacteriophages O antigen shift antigen drift persistent infection by animal viruses O lysogenic life cycle in bacteriophages
two viruses infect the same cell. This results in the production of new viruses that contain genetic material from both viruses. This event is known as: O transduction O transformation O antigen drift O conjugation O antigen shift
Polyomavirus and Papillomavirus, which is NOT correct? are circular dsDNA are icosahedral capsid are non-enveloped contain DNA and RNA polymerase their fusion with the host cell doesn’t involve in uncoating genome replicate in cytoplasm None of the above Both D and F D, E, and F
A virus consists of a molecule of________ or_______surrounded by a(n)___________ coat. A virus cannot reproduce unless it enters a(n)_________ cell. A virus that infects bacteria is known as a(n) ________.
What happens during the 'incubation period'? The virus is cleared from the body by the immune system This period commonly lasts for a few days Virus replication happens at an intracellular level This period commonly lasts for a few hours
Which of the following is true? A. Viruses cannot reproduce outside a host cell. B. Prions are infectious proteins. C. Viroids lack a protein coat. D. Some viruses cause cancer. E. All of the above.
A prophage is a/an ___________stage in the cycle of ____________ .a. latent, bacterial virusesb. infective, RNA virusesc. early, poxvirusesd. late, enveloped viruses
Why would viral genome integration into host cell integration be advantageous to a virus? It enables the virus to kill the cell. It allows the virus to infect cells it would not normally infect. It allows the virus to be passed on to future generations of host cells. It allows the virus to destroy the host cell's DNA. It speeds up viral replication.
Think about the cells that viruses infect. Pick out the correct statements below. A. The host cell has some particular thing - be it machinery, chemistry or whatever - that the virus MUST have in order to successfully reproduce. B. Viruse generally don't care what cells they infect. C. Viruses can only replicate in particular hosts and tissues. D. The host range or tissue specficity means the specific type of cells the virus infects. Example - rabies infects neural cells.
What would happen to a virus that found its way to an environment filled only with cells that were outside of its host range? a) This virus would evolve until it was able to use the surrounding cells as hosts b) This virus would actively transport itself to another area in search of host cells C) This virus would replicate until it found cells that were within its host range d) Nothing; this virus would not be replicated
True or false A virus is a small infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an organism. COVID-19 virus contains RNA, not DNA, as a genetic material. Immunity is a host defense system against disease and specifically recognizes external materials (non-self materials) and eliminate them. RNA vaccines are faster and cheaper to produce than traditional vaccines, and a RNA vaccine is safer for the patient as they do not contain infectious elements. HPV (human papilloma virus) vaccination is very effective in preventing cervical cancer and more than 80 % of Japanese has taken this vaccine. Edward Jenner first proposed protective vaccine against plague in the 18th century. Herd immunity protects infection of vaccinated population but not in the unvaccinated population. Long term health problems after COVID-19 infection is called Long COVID. Cerebellum of the brain co-ordinates muscle movements. Neuron is a special type of cells in the brain and…