Why are vaccines and/or passive immunization the method of choice in thetreatment or prevention of viral infections?A. There are no known inhibitors to reverse transcriptionB. Viruses are non-living and do not have their own genetic mechanisms to reproduceby themselves hence host cells must rely on targeting the virus or their products.C. Antibodies prevent replication of viral genomeD. Antibodies prevent transcription and translation of viral genomesE. All of these

The immune system comprises cells and other biomolecules that prevent the invasion and infection of…

Answered: Why are vaccines and/or passive…

Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305251052

Author:Michael Cummings

Publisher:Michael Cummings

Chapter17: Genes And The Immune System

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 10QP: The Adaptive Immune Response Is a Specific Defense Against Infection Researchers have been having a...

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Explain that a virus can’t be treated with an antibiotic and why. Think about selective toxicity and why those targets don’t exist for a viral infection.
You are a scientist developing a vaccine against a newly discovered animal virus. What part of the virus would you target your vaccine against and why?
Identify the statement that does not provide accurate evidence as to why HIV is so lethal. a. During the course of infection, HIV increases immune activation by altering intestinal physiology to let more microbes into the blood supply. b. Immune evasion increases in many infections due to HIV virions evolving new and unrecognizable epitopes (antigens). c. In many individuals the virus population evolves to use different receptors to gain access to a greater diversity of host immune cells. d. HIV causes enhanced replication and proliferation of T cells, which allows the immune system to work better at defending against pathogens.
Moderna and Pfizer vaccines for COVID-19 use mRNA to the Spike protein combined with lipids. Which of the following is/are advantages of this type of vaccine compared to an inactivated virus vaccine? Select ALL correct answers. a) The vaccine is more stable for transport. b) The vaccine does not contain the virus so it cannot give you COVID-19. c) The vaccine can be rapidly produced in a slightly different form to protect from variants of SARS-CoV-2. d) The vaccine does not need a booster.
Influenza vaccines must be changed yearly because the amino acid sequence of the viral proteins change gradually over time. Based on this information, which is the most logical conclusion? The influenza virusa) is enveloped. b) is non-enveloped.c) has a DNA genome. d) has an RNA genome.e) causes a persistent infection.
Draw a diagram illustrating how retroviruses, such as HIV, make copies of themselves.
Many vaccines provide years of protection against a disease. Why doesn't the influenza vaccine offer more than a few months of protection?
Antigenic shifts in influenza viruses are represented by dra-matic changes in the viral antigens. It is likely they arise fromrare events in which:(a) Two different influenza viruses infect a cell at the sametime(b) Two separate viruses undergo lysogenic conversion(c) Two viruses conjugate(d) Mutations accumulate(e) All of the above
The Adaptive Immune Response Is a Specific Defense Against Infection Researchers have been having a difficult time developing a vaccine against a certain pathogenic virus as a result of the lack of a weakened strain. They turn to you because of your wide knowledge of recombinant DNA technology and the immune system. How could you vaccinate someone against the virus, using a cloned gene from the virus that encodes a cell-surface protein?
Some older vaccines used a weakened strain of the pathogenic virus in the injection in the hope that the weakened virus would induce an immune response without causing disease. The virus vectors used in genetic engineering have all the harmful virus genes cut out and replaced with the foreign gene, such as one that makes a protein that is absent in the human patient. Which type of viral vaccine would you prefer to take as the safest option? Why?
Describe in one sentence how a vaccine creates immunity to a virus.
Why are antibiotics and vaccines important? Explain the development of antibiotic resistance and viral resistance. List websites or articles used to acquire the information.

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