What hormones are important to osmoregulation in the vertebrate kidney? Where is each hormone produced? What is the target of each hormone, what is the response of the target? How is the hormone regulated?

What hormones are important to osmoregulation in the vertebrate kidney? Where is each hormone produced? What is the target of each hormone, what is the response of the target? How is the hormone regulated?

Human Biology (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305112100

Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan

Chapter15: The Endocrine System

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 4CT: Secretion of the hormone ADH may decrease or stop if the pituitarys posterior lobe is damaged, as by...

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What hormones are important to osmoregulation in the vertebrate kidney? Where is each hormone produced? What is the target of each hormone, what is the response of the target? How is the hormone regulated?

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Which of these is not a function of the kidneys? A) The kidneys regulate the plasma volume B) The kidneys help to regulate blood pressure C) The kidneys help control the rate of red blood cell production D) The kidneys deactivate vitamin D and stimulate the activity of osteoclasts
Where do hormones ADH, PTH, and Aldosterone have their target cells (where do they act in the kidney)?
Define nitrogenous wastes, and list the main types produced in animals.What are some advantages and disadvantages of excreting differenttypes of nitrogenous wastes?
Why is excretion important in order to achieve osmotic balance?
Drinking alcohol inhibits ADH secretion. What effect will drinking a beer have on the permeability of kidney tubules to sodium? To water?
Secretion of the hormone ADH may decrease or stop if the pituitarys posterior lobe is damaged, as by a blow to the head. This is one cause of diabetes insipidus. People with this form of diabetes excrete so much dilute urine that they may become seriously dehydrated. Where are the target cells of ADH?
Explain how antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin) controls excretion of water in mammalian kidneys.
Many types of fishes live in freshwater. Generally, water moves by osmosis from the surrounding fresh water into the fish's body. This observation helps to explain which feature of the excretory systems of freshwater fishes? a. They tend to produce dilute, watery urine. b. They tend to produce concentrated, dark urine. c. They do not produce urine, but instead conserve or re-use nitrogenous wastes. d. They may produce either dilute or concentrated urine, depending on the activity of the fish.
In patients with diabetes mellitus, not enough insulin is produced; as a consequence, blood glucose levels increase. If blood glucose levels rise high enough, the kidneys are unable to absorb the glucose from the glomerular filtrate, and glucose "spills over" into the urine. What effect does this glucose have on urine concentration and volume? How does the body adjust to the excess glucose in the urine?
is the human kidney a model for all mammalian kidneys?
What are the similarities of the excretory system of animals and plants?
Explain the kidney's role in water conservation. How much water is reabsorbed (by following other reabsorbed substances) by osmosis? How much water does the nephron loop and collecting duct have to be "tricked" into reabsorbing? How exactly does that work? How do hormones control this process? What effect does alcohol have?