9. What is meant by "transformation" and how does Agrobacterium transform a plant cell? What are the various bacterial proteins that participate in the process andwhat are their functions?Textbook Reference: Tools for Studying Gene Function, pp. 74-7510. What are the three essential differences between genetically modified organisms (GMOS) and conventionally bred crop varieties?Textbook Reference: Genetic Modification of Crop Plants, p. 77

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What is meant by "transformation" and how does Agrobacterium transform a plant cell? What are the various bacterial proteins that participate in the process and what are their functions?

Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)

4th Edition

ISBN:9781305389892

Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Chapter18: Dna Technologies: Making And Using Genetically Altered Organisms, And Other Applications

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 13TYK: 13. Suppose a biotechnology company has developed a GMO, a transgenic plant that expresses Bt toxin....

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Question

9. What is meant by "transformation" and how does Agrobacterium transform a plant cell? What are the various bacterial proteins that participate in the process and
what are their functions?
Textbook Reference: Tools for Studying Gene Function, pp. 74-75
10. What are the three essential differences between genetically modified organisms (GMOS) and conventionally bred crop varieties?
Textbook Reference: Genetic Modification of Crop Plants, p. 77

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Robert Bost and Richard Cribbs studied a strain of E. coli (araB14)that possessed a nonsense mutation in the structural gene that encodes Lribulokinase,an enzyme that allows the bacteria to metabolize the sugararabinose (R. Bost and R. Cribbs. 1969. Genetics 62:1–8). From thearaB14 strain, they isolated some bacteria that possessed mutations thatcaused them to revert back to the wild type. Genetic analysis of theserevertants showed that they possessed two different suppressormutations. One suppressor mutation (R1) was linked to the originalmutation in L-ribulokinase and probably occurred at the same locus. Byitself, this mutation allowed the production of L-ribulokinase, but theenzyme produced was not as effective in metabolizing arabinose as theenzyme encoded by the wild-type allele. The second suppressormutation (SuB) was not linked to the original mutation. In conjunctionwith the R1 mutation, SuB allowed the production of L-ribulokinase, butSuB by itself was not able to suppress the…
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