What is the advantage of using ATP as a common energy source?Another way of asking this question is, “Why does ATP provide anadvantage over using a bunch of different food molecules?” For example,instead of just having a Na+/K+-ATPase in a cell, why not have manydifferent ion pumps, each driven by a different food molecule, like aNa+/K+-glucosase (a pump that uses glucose), a Na+/K+-sucrase (a pumpthat uses sucrose), a Na+/K+-fatty acidase (a pump that uses fatty acids),and so on?

What is the advantage of using ATP as a common energy source?Another way of asking this question is, “Why does ATP provide anadvantage over using a bunch of different food molecules?” For example,instead of just having a Na+/K+-ATPase in a cell, why not have manydifferent ion pumps, each driven by a different food molecule, like aNa+/K+-glucosase (a pump that uses glucose), a Na+/K+-sucrase (a pumpthat uses sucrose), a Na+/K+-fatty acidase (a pump that uses fatty acids),and so on?

Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)

9th Edition

ISBN:9781285866932

Author:Lauralee Sherwood

Publisher:Lauralee Sherwood

Chapter2: Cell Physiology

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 10RE: Using the answer code on the right, indicate which form of energy production is being described: 1....

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Some enzymes can catalyze a reaction involving NADH but cannot catalyze a reaction that uses NADPH. Why may this be? When the substrate concentration is below the Km for an enzyme, what “order” will best explain thereaction? Explain.The cells that line the intestine have a transporter called GLUT5. While it can transport both fructose and glucose but has a much lower Km for fructose. Describe a physiological situation where the GLUT5 transporter is transporting fructose and glucose at the same rate. [consider using a graph to support your answer]
The energetic equivalent of two molecules of ATP is used to activate an amino acid, yet only one molecule of ATP is used. Explain.
Anaerobic glycolysis of glucose potentially produces a fewer number of ATPs per glucose moleculein red blood cells than in muscle cells, because -Red blood cells contain bisphosphoglycerate mutase -Red blood cells lack phosphoglycerate kinase -Red blood cells do not have mitochondria -Red blood cells do not have a nucleus Which of the following is likely to be correct if all mutases are completely inhibited? -Removal of glucosyl residues from nonreducing ends of glycogen in the liver is compromised;therefore, release of free glucose into blood from the liver would decrease -Glycerol can be efficiently converted into glucose but cannot be efficiently converted into glucosylresidues in glycogen in the liver -Both A and B -Neither A nor B
Why are ATPases hydrolases? Aren’t they also transferases as they move the phosphate group onto the protein in the sodium/potassium pump?
Cells can generate as many as 36 to 38 molecules of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) from the metabolism of one molecule of glucose. Which cellular process results in this amount of ATP production?
A glucose-fed yeast cell is moved from an aerobic environment to an anaerobic one. For the cell to continue to generate ATP at the same rate, approximately how much glucose must it consume in the anaerobic environment compared with the aerobic environment?
Complete catabolism of one glucose molecule yields 38 ATP molecules. How many moles of ATP are produced by the complete catabolism of 10 moles of glucose?
Below is a list of steps that occur after an exercising muscle cell begins degrading amino acids for ATP production. For each step, choose (A) if the process occurs in the muscle cell and (B) if the process occurs in the liver. It will be easiest to answer this question if you first put the steps in order, then decide in which organ they occur. ______ Alanine is transaminated with a-ketoglutarate.______ Branched chain amino acids are transaminated with a-ketoglutarate.______ Glutamate is deaminated.______ Glutamate is transaminated with pyruvate.______ Ketoacid skeletons resulting from branch chain amino acids enter the CAC.______ Pyruvate enters gluconeogenesis.______ Urea is formed from the nitrogen removed from the original branched chain amino acid.
Why is the amount of ATP produced in cells that can undergo oxidative phosphorylation much greater than those that undergo substrate level phosphorylation only?
What do you think would be the effect on oxidative phosphorylation of the following mutations of F1 or F0 ATPase subunits? Be as specific as possible. A. Subunit c Asp61 to Leu B. Subunit c Asp61 to Asn C. Subunit a Asn214 to Asp D. Subunit a Ser206 to Ala
In glycolysis, how would NADH, ADP and ATP be classified? Would they be considered inhibitors or activators? Also how would they change the binding and state of the protein and why?
Explain why some of the molecules are positioned away from the diagonal in the graph given below. What kind of processes are involved in this phenomenon? Moreover, explain differences and similarities between H-ATPases and H-PPases.