Ionic Equilibrium
Chemical equilibrium and ionic equilibrium are two major concepts in chemistry. Ionic equilibrium deals with the equilibrium involved in an ionization process while chemical equilibrium deals with the equilibrium during a chemical change. Ionic equilibrium is established between the ions and unionized species in a system. Understanding the concept of ionic equilibrium is very important to answer the questions related to certain chemical reactions in chemistry.
Arrhenius Acid
Arrhenius acid act as a good electrolyte as it dissociates to its respective ions in the aqueous solutions. Keeping it similar to the general acid properties, Arrhenius acid also neutralizes bases and turns litmus paper into red.
Bronsted Lowry Base In Inorganic Chemistry
Bronsted-Lowry base in inorganic chemistry is any chemical substance that can accept a proton from the other chemical substance it is reacting with.
What is the concentration of H3O+ in a solution that is 0.0600 M Hypochlorous acid (HClO)? What is the pH? To solve this problem:
- Write the acid dissociation equilibrium for HClO
- Set up an ICE chart ( with x = the concentration of H3O+ at equilibrium)
- Write the expression for Ka.
- Fill this in with the concentrations of H3O+, ClO- and HClO at equilibrium, in terms of x.
- Decide if x can be neglected. You may neglect x if the initial concentration of the HClO is greater than 100 times the Ka. You will need the value of Ka. Look it up on the chart (p 4 of packet)
- Solve for x
- Find the pH
The pH of a 0.0200 M solution of an unknown acid is 2.56. What is the Ka of this acid?
To solve this problem:
- Write the acid dissociation equilibrium for the generic aicd “HA”
- Set up an ICE chart ( with x = the concentration of H3O+ at equilibrium)
- Write the expression for Ka.
- Fill this in with the concentrations of H3O+, A- and HA at equilibrium, in terms of x.
- What is x? Can you find it from the given information? You should be eble to use the pH to get the concentration of H3O+, which is x. Do this.
- Now that you know x, plug in into the Ka expression and find Ka.
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