What is the de Broglie wavelength for an electron with speed (a) v = 0.469c and (b) v =0.958c? (Hint: Use the correct relativistic expression for linear momentum if necessary.)
Quantum mechanics and hydrogen atom
Consider an electron of mass m moves with the velocity v in a hydrogen atom. If an electron is at a distance r from the proton, then the potential energy function of the electron can be written as follows:
Isotopes of Hydrogen Atoms
To understand isotopes, it's easiest to learn the simplest system. Hydrogen, the most basic nucleus, has received a great deal of attention. Several of the results seen in more complex nuclei can be seen in hydrogen isotopes. An isotope is a nucleus of the same atomic number (Z) but a different atomic mass number (A). The number of neutrons present in the nucleus varies with respect to the isotope.
Mass of Hydrogen Atom
Hydrogen is one of the most fundamental elements on Earth which is colorless, odorless, and a flammable chemical substance. The representation of hydrogen in the periodic table is H. It is mostly found as a diatomic molecule as water H2O on earth. It is also known to be the lightest element and takes its place on Earth up to 0.14 %. There are three isotopes of hydrogen- protium, deuterium, and tritium. There is a huge abundance of Hydrogen molecules on the earth's surface. The hydrogen isotope tritium has its half-life equal to 12.32 years, through beta decay. In physics, the study of Hydrogen is fundamental.
1. What is the de Broglie wavelength for an electron with speed (a) v = 0.469c and (b) v =0.958c? (Hint: Use the correct relativistic expression for linear momentum if necessary.)
2. Through what potential difference must electrons be accelerated if they are to have (a) thesame wavelength as an x ray of wavelength 0.22 nm and (b) the same energy as the x ray in part (a)?
3. For crystal diffraction experiments, wavelengths on the order of 0.23 nm are often appropriate. Find the energy in electron volts for a particle with this wavelength if the particle is (a) a photon; (b) an electron; (c) an alpha particle (m = 6.64 × 10- 27 kg)
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