where g is the acceleration due to gravity, p is the fluid density, a is the thermal ex- pansion coefficient, AT is the temperature difference across the fluid layer, d is the thickness of the layer, n is the viscosity, and k is the thermal diffusivity. (a) Show that the Rayleigh number is dimensionless! (b) Broadly speaking, the Earth's mantle is divided into two parts, the upper mantle, from the surface (ignoring the crust for the moment) to a depth of 670 km; and the lower mantle, from a depth of 670 km to 2900 km. All else equal, would the mantle be more likely to convect as two separate layers (upper and lower mantle), or as one layer? Why?

where g is the acceleration due to gravity, p is the fluid density, a is the thermal ex- pansion coefficient, AT is the temperature difference across the fluid layer, d is the thickness of the layer, n is the viscosity, and k is the thermal diffusivity. (a) Show that the Rayleigh number is dimensionless! (b) Broadly speaking, the Earth's mantle is divided into two parts, the upper mantle, from the surface (ignoring the crust for the moment) to a depth of 670 km; and the lower mantle, from a depth of 670 km to 2900 km. All else equal, would the mantle be more likely to convect as two separate layers (upper and lower mantle), or as one layer? Why?

An Introduction to Physical Science

14th Edition

ISBN:9781305079137

Author:James Shipman, Jerry D. Wilson, Charles A. Higgins, Omar Torres

Publisher:James Shipman, Jerry D. Wilson, Charles A. Higgins, Omar Torres

Chapter7: Optics And Wave Effects

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 11FIB

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