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- In economics, the term O A. optimal O B. marginal O C. allocative O D. equity means "additional" or "extra."Q. 5. For auto makers, an important decision is to determine what features a new car model should be provided based on cost-benefit analysis. In what ways can economists help auto manu- facturers estimate the marginal rate of substitution between features such as vehicle interior size and acceleration? (a) Examining production cost data (b) Conducting consumer surveys about willingness to pay for auto features (c) Solving the standard consumer model (d) Statistically analyzing historical data on purchases of different types of autos (e) B and D only Q. 10. When firms determine whether to invest in research and development (R&D), they need to consider many factors. Which of the following is NOT one of the important factors that should be considered? (a) The market size of the product today. (b) The market potential for the product in the next few years. (c) The R&D investment of the competitors on similar products. (d) Potential new products that may be substitutes of the…Looking at the scope of central planning in the Soviet Union post WW-II, between 1951 and 1960 the number of items for which output targets were set O a. increased from 1,600 items to 12,750 items. O b. increased from 10 items to 525 items. O c. decreased from 25,482 items to 16,351 items. O d. decreased tom 4,592 items to zero items (since central planning was abandoned in the country in 1960).
- Define economic rent. In the graph below, assume that the market demand curve for labor isinitially D1. a. What are the equilibrium wage rate and employment level?What is the economic rent? What is the opportunity cost?b. Next, assume that the price of a substitute resource increases,other things constant. What happens to demand for labor? Whatare the new equilibrium wage rate and employment level? Whathappens to economic rent? What is the opportunity cost?c. Suppose instead that demand for the final product drops, otherthings constant. Using labor demand curve D1 as your startingpoint, what happens to the demand for labor? What are the newequilibrium wage rate and employment level? Does the amountof economic rent change? Does opportunity cost change?Assume that a business firm finds that its profit is greatest when it produces $40 worth of product A. Suppose also that each of the three techniques shown in the following table will produce the desired output. a. With the resource prices shown, which technique will the firm choose? Why? Will production using that technique entail profit or loss? What will be the amount of that profit or loss? Will the industry expand or contract? When will that expansion or contraction end? b. Assume now that a new technique, technique 4, is developed. It combines 2 units of labor, 2 of land, 6 of capital, and 3 of entrepreneurial ability. In view of the resource prices in the table, will the firm adopt the new technique? Explain your answer. c. Suppose that an increase in the labor supply causes the price of labor to fall to $1.50 per unit, all other resource prices remaining unchanged. Which technique will the producer now choose? Explain. d. “The market system causes the economy to conserve most…xercise 5: Production and income distributionConsider and economy with the following production technology: ,Y = 9K1/3L2/3 wherethe aggregate capital stock is K=100, and aggregate labor is L=100. The price of output is1.a) Write down the maximization problem of the firm.b) Compute the equilibrium wage and capital return.c) Compute total payments to labor and capital. Show Euler’s Theorem holds, i.e. showthat total payments to capital and labor equal the value of output.d) What share of output goes to labor and capital?e) Suppose there is an increase in L, what would be impact on wages and capital returns?Explain.
- indicate whether you think the statement is true or false andexplain why. 15. The discounted rate is usually positive.16. When constant marginal cost > 0, marginal net benefit (P-MC) increases at the rate ofinterest.17. Hotelling’s rule states that the dynamically efficient allocation occurs when the presentvalue of the marginal net benefit for the last unit produced is equal across time periods.18. Monopolist over-converse resources from a dynamic efficiency perspective.19. When the growth rate in demand exceeds the discount rate, the efficient outcome in acompetitive industry will result in a larger amount of oil available for the future period thanthe current period.20. Biofuels are a back-stop technology for oil and would cause more present production ofoila. In your backyard at your home you have established a small workshop where you repair theequipment of your home that have gone out of order. Will this act of repairing your own householdequipment count as production? Explain. b. If a fisherman catches fish from river then which factor of production is he using for hisproduction? Explain this factor in detail.You said that "this may result in a steeper AS curve due to the fact that firms can produce more output for a given price level.". However, I think that steeper AS without the change of y-intercept(shift) will have opposite effect. I drew a diagram to compare different As curves with same y intercept and different slopes. It is clear that for same level; of price level, steeper AS has loer output (Y2) than faltter AS (Y1), could u please explain it for me? Thanks a lot :)
- Question 6 : If disequilibrium exists in a market : O b ) it must be because the government has intervened in the market , resulting in the market's failure to reach equilibrium . O c ) it will continue unless there is government intervention O d ) there will be opportunities available to people to make themselves better off . Question 7 : Which of the following is an example of marginal analysis ? O a ) A hungry person decides whether to eat one more slice of pizza . O b ) A hungry person writes a check to pay for the pizza rather than using a credit card . O c ) A hungry person orders a pizza rather than eating leftover meatloaf . O d ) A hungry person uses a coupon to save $ 2 on a pizza .Question 2Consider the case of Jonathan, who is a singlefather with one child. He can work as a serverfor $6 per hour up to 1,500 hours per year. Heis eligible for welfare and can receivegovernment support of $10,000 for notworking at all. If he works 1,500 hours, hisearnings would be______ and governmentsupport would be______.O a) 2.000; 8,000O b) 3,000; 7,000O c) 9,000; 1,000O d) 10,000; 0a. Differentiate between the following as used in economics: i. Diminishing Marginal Utility and Diminishing marginal returns. ii. Specific tariff and Ad Valorem tariff. iii. Explicit and implicit costs. b. Assume you own and manage your manufacturing unit where you receive total revenue of$50 000. Other relevant financial information is given below: Inputs Cost($)Raw material 20 000Labour 8 000Rent 10 000Interest 5 000 i. Calculate Accounting profit. ii. If your other employment opportunity is to earn P10 000 per month working at a softwarecompany, what will be your economic profit? Would you be prefer to continue with theBusiness? Explain. c. Identify any three (3) features a monopoly market structure.