Q: Why must cholesterol be transported through the bloodstream in lipoprotein particles?
A: Proteins are known to be extremely complex macromolecular components. They are located in all living…
Q: Would glucose be an inhibitor of fructose? Why?
A: Glucose: Glucose is a monosaccharide, is a major carbohydrate present in table sugar, starch and…
Q: How can the synthesis and breakdown of fructose-2,6-bisphosphate be controlled independently?
A: Glycolysis is regulated in 3 steps and is 1.Glucose-6-phosphate formation 2.Fructose -6-phosphate to…
Q: Why can’t fatty acids be used to synthesize glucose?
A: Fatty acids refers to a long aliphatic chain of hydrocarbons along with carboxylic acid. It is an…
Q: Which are the two Sources of Cytosolic Ca21+?
A: Cell signaling allows cells to receive and respond to the surrounding signals. This is mediated by…
Q: Why are thioesters considered high-energycompounds?
A: Energy-rich compounds in cells comprise five kinds of high-energy bonds: phosphoanhydride, acyl…
Q: Why do adipose cells appear empty?
A: Adipose tissue are the specialized connective tissue that consists of lipid rich cells known as the…
Q: Can any of the amino acids (pyruvate, acetyl Co A, Glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate (PGAL), alpha…
A: Gluconeogenesis is the process of synthesis of glucose from the non-carbohydrate source like amino…
Q: Which of the following is the Haworth Projection of Glucose?
A: The cyclic structure in Haworth projection displays the ring as flat. In the associated Haworth…
Q: What is GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid)?
A: The nerve impulse is an electrical signal that travels along the neuron. The charged particles…
Q: What is the reaction principle of alpha-amylase?
A: Alpha-amylase: It is an enzyme that is found in saliva and helps in digestion. It hydrolyses bonds…
Q: What is the effect of pH on catalase activity?
A: Enzymes are biological catalyst which increases the rate of biochemical reactions .
Q: What is thedifference between “free” and “activated” glucose?
A: Glucose is a sugar and is said to be the building block of carbohydrates. Carbohydrates are the bio…
Q: How many possible epimers of d-glucose exist?
A: Epimers are stereoisomers which have same molecular formula but differ in single chiral carbon atom…
Q: How is the ability to store glucose as glycogen related to the general principle of physiology that…
A: Physiological processes are the approaches by which biomolecules, cells, tissues, organs and organ…
Q: How many high-energy phosphates are generated or consumed in converting (a) 1 mole of glucose to…
A: The phosphate-phosphate bonds formed when compounds such as adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and…
Q: What would be the result of a lack of glucose 6-phosphatase activity?
A: Glucose 6-phosphatase deficiency was caused due to lack of the enzyme glucose-6-phosphatase which…
Q: In what disease is a decrease in sphingomyelin observed?
A: Sphingomyelin, type of sphingolipid found in the cell membrane of animal cells, especially in the…
Q: How does a ketogenic diet decrease the level of urea in obese patients and increase the level of…
A: Acetyl-coA, which is formed from the B-oxidation of fatty acids, is used to make ketones. Ketone…
Q: What is dimethylallyl pyrophosphate (DMPP)?
A: DMPP is an isoprenoid precursor.
Q: What is the source of the glycerol in triacylglycerol synthesis?
A: Triacylglycerol synthesis requires both fatty acids and a source of 3-glycerol phosphate. During…
Q: Why "cellulose is composed of a long, branced chain of B-glucose subunits" is false?
A: Introduction Polysaccharides, also known as polycarbohydrates, are the most common type of…
Q: Why are the essential fatty acid associated with low incidence of heart disease? Cite some clinical…
A: Fatty acids are a long chain of glycerides. Often they have vital roles in the body.
Q: Why is it that only 2ATP molecules are required to store one glucose molecule as glycogen?
A: Glycogen is a homopolymer that is made up of repeated units of alpha-D-glucose and it is connected…
Q: what are roles performed by sodium sulfide and ethanol in catalase and amylase, respectively?
A: Introduction: Enzymes are biological catalysts which means they are the catalysts of life. They are…
Q: How many high-energy phosphates are generated or consumed in (a) converting 1 mole of glucose to…
A: The ATP is the energy rich phosphate molecule that is utilised during the energy requiring reactions…
Q: What are the other members of the hexose monophosphate pool?
A: The hexose monophosphate shunt also known as pentose phosphate pathway is a unique pathway that is…
Q: Why is it advantageous that breakdown of glycogen gives rise to glucose-6-phosphate rather than to…
A: Introduction The phosphorolytic cleavage of glycogen results in the formation of glucose-6-phosphate…
Q: Identify the regulatory processes in cholesterol synthesis.
A: Cholesterol is considered the major sterol present in animal tissue. It is present in the animal…
Q: Which enzyme deficiency causes minor galactosemia?
A: Galactosemia is a hereditary disorder of carbohydrates metabolism in which body is not able to break…
Q: Name the process of formation of glucose from non carbohydrates.
A: Glucose is the main type of sugar(monosaccharide) present in the blood and is the major source of…
Q: Why does the lack of glucose 6- phosphatase activity in the brain and muscle make good physiological…
A: Glucose is considered as an important energy source for all cells. It is required by the body in…
Q: Draw the Stable configuration of B-D-glucose
A: Glucose is a monosaccharide with molecular formula of C6H12O6. It is formed by green plants and…
Q: How are branch points normally introduced into glycogen?
A: Introduction: Glycogen is a multibranched polysaccharide of glucose that acts as an energy storage…
Q: What aspect of glycogen structure does free glucose represent?
A: Glucose is C6H12O6 whereas glycogen is (C6H10O5)n . Both the structure contains six carbon atoms.…
Q: where are a-amylase and B-amylase produced?
A: Introduction: Enzymes are proteins that act as biological catalysts that means the catalyst of life.…
Q: What is the source of Inositol trisphosphate (IP3)?
A: Second messengers are molecules that are primarily responsible for relaying the signal received by…
Q: Does concentration of xylulose-5-phosphate increase in cells after eating rice? Explain
A: D-Xylulose 5-phosphate (D-xylulose-5-P) is an intermediate in the pentose phosphate pathway. It is a…
Q: What is the reaction catalyzed by glucose 6-phosphatase?
A: Glucose 6-phosphate : It is a glucose sugar phosphorylated at the hydroxy group on carbon 6.
Q: What is the structural relationship between L-glucose and D-glucose?
A: Stereoisomers are the isomers that have the same chemical formula but differ in their orientation.…
Q: How is the activity of amylase affected by a low pH? By a high pH? Explain.
A: Every enzyme has an active site at the substrate-binding site, and the shape of the active site…
Q: How many NTP molecules are required to synthesize glucose from each of the following compounds? (a)…
A: Introduction: Gluconeogenesis is a metabolic pathway that creates glucose from carbon substrates…
Q: What are the fates of the members of the hexose monophosphate pool?
A: Hexose monophosphate shunt (HMP) or pentose phosphate pathway or phosphogluconate pathway is an…
Q: What are the unique enzymes needed to -oxidize a polyunsaturated fatty acid?
A: Saturated fatty acids with an even number of carbon atoms are completely degraded via the…
Q: can you explain Malate-aspartate shuttle and glycerol 3-phosphate shuttle and the differences…
A: The Malate-aspartate shuttle and the glycerol 3-phosphate shuttle are both involved in the…
Q: How does phosphorylation increase the reactivity of glucose?
A: Phosphorylation is the process of adding a phosphate group to another chemical molecule by the…
Q: What is the difference between beta oxidation of fatty acid and beta oxidation of unsaturated fatty…
A: A fatty acid is a carboxylic acid that comprises a long aliphatic chain than can be either…
Q: Is there a difference between the effects of sugar concentrations on protein denaturation? Why?
A: Protein denaturation: It is the process when the secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structure of a…
Which are the Two paths are available to this glucose 6-phosphate?
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- If phenylalanine was not an essential amino acid, would diet therapy (the elimination of phenylalanine from the diet) for PKU work?What are the other members of the hexose monophosphate pool?How many high-energy phosphates are generated or consumed in converting (a) 1 mole of glucose to lactate? (b) 2 moles of lactate to glucose?
- What properties of glucokinase allow it to phosphorylate glucose in the liver when the blood glucose concentration is higher than normal?What is the first step in the conversion of 3-phosphoglycerate into the fructose 6-phosphate?What kind of protein is lactase, the biomolecule that speeds up the breakdown of lactose?