Which of the following are the two anticoagulants produced by the body? A) heparin and plasmin B) antithrombin Il and heparin C) antithrombin II and plasmin D) tissue plasminogen activator and plasmin E) protacyclin and heparin

Q: What would happen to the red blood cells of a patient who was treated with 10% saline?

A: Red blood cells are the most common erythrocytes or blood cells in the circulatory system. It helps…

Q: What is a Biomarker?

A: Biomarkers or biological markers are the measurements of processes taking place inside the cells.…

Q: Why does the measurement of HbA1c requires a whole blood as a sample instead of plasma or serum?

A: The hemoglobin becomes glycosylated when it pickups glucose from the bloodstream. HbA1c is…

Q: What is the difference between an antibody and an antibiotic?

A: Introduction  Microorganisms are widely distributed and can be found in almost all type of…

Q: Describe the major anatomical and biochemical barriers to infection?

A: Infection refers to the invasion and multiplication of micro-organisms such as bacteria, viruses,…

Q: What is the mechanism underlying the allergic response to an antibiotic?

A: Antibiotics are a type of antimicrobial substances that fight bacterial infections in people and…

Q: What are antigens ?

A: Immunity can be defined as the complex biological system that is endowed with the capacity in order…

Q: Name The Two-immuno Diffusion Techniques?

A: The Immuno-diffusion technique utilizes diffusion of the reactants to form the precipitate on the…

Q: Explain the chemical events that take place to form a blood clot to seal the wound?

A: Blood exhibits coagulation or clotting in response to an injury or trauma. This is a mechanism to…

Q: why is MALT considered strategically placed?

A: MALT stands for Mucosa Associated Lymphoid Tissue. The solitary lymph nodules and aggregated…

Q: How can chemotaxis be measured quantitatively?

A: The response to a chemical stimulus is more precisely known as the chemotaxis. It is widely…

Q: What is chemotaxis?

A: Chemotaxis is the movement of an organism in response to a chemical stimulus. This kind of movement…

Q: if a patient has anti- C, anti-Leb, anti-K and anti-Jka. what phenotyp of red blood cells should be…

A: Phenotype of an RBC is determined by the antigen present on their surface .

Q: what are essential drugs?

A: Health is considered as the fundamental human right and the most important social goal all over the…

Q: Why is the use of first-generation H1-antihistamines discouraged in clinical practice today?

A: H1 antihistamines are the anti allergens prescribed in the treatment of allergic symptoms such as…

Q: Define the term Radiotracers?

A: Medical imaging is a technique that refers to various processes and techniques to create images of…

Q: Define any five Natural Products with MedicalApplications ?

A: Answer: Introduction: A natural product means a chemical substance formed by a living organism or…

Q: How does HIV, which at first glance does not appear to be a highly formidable foe, persist in the…

A: HIV, stands for human immunodeficiency virus, is a virus that destructs the immune system that…

Q: What is the source of Interleukin 2?

A: Interleukin It is a group of naturally occurring proteins that mediate communication between cells.…

Q: What is plasminogen activator?

A: The process of clotting blood in the body is a very complex process involving a multitude of…

Q: How do microfi lariae get into the blood?

A: Microfilariae is an early stage in the life cycle of certain parasitic nematodes belonging to the…

Q: measurement of HbA1c require whole blood as a sample instead of plasma or serum?

A: HbA1c is the measurement of blood sugar over a period of 3 months. Basically , it is appropriate to…

Q: What are hematopoietic growth factors (HGFs)?

A: Haemtopoeisis Production of all types of blood cells including formation, development and…

Q: Besides red blood cells, what other elements need to be presentin synthetic blood?

A: Blood is a critical substance that preserves life by transporting oxygen from the lungs to the heart…

Q: After how many weeks, will a pharmacist or healthcare professional suggest his or her patient to see…

A: Cough is a reflex that helps one to clear the throat and upper airway of irritants like dust etc.

Q: What are Allergens?

A: The immune system is a multi-component interactive system which, effectively protects the host from…

Q: What are the raw materials of anti-aging serum ? Please answer at your own words.

A: Anti-aging serums and creams are popular in the market due to their repairing and replenishing…

Q: What do you mean by chemotropism?

A: A stimulus is a detectable variation in the physical or chemical arrangement of the internal or…

Q: What is the relationship between antimicrobial and antibiotics?

A: Antibiotics are agents or durgs that is used to treat all type of bacterial infections. While…

Q: What are the uses and the side-effects of the antibiotic lincomycin?

A: Introduction - Antibiotics are drugs that help people and animals combat bacterial illnesses. They…

Q: What are the similarities and differences between hemolysins and leukocidins

A: Similarities These toxins produce pour and holes in cell membranes which cause leakage of sidle…

Q: What is the full form of ICVN, ICBN,ICNB?

A: Answer: Introduction:  Full form of ICVN - International  Code of  Viral Nomenclature.  It…

Q: What type of molecule forms the antibodies found in the human immune system?

A: Antibodies are formed against antigens. They are produced by B cells, a specific type of white blood…

Q: what is Cotransformation?

A: Transformation is the horizontal gene transfer by which some bacteria can take up foreign genetic…

Q: How to determine if a person is actually allergic and to identify the specific allergen or…

A: Allergy is defined as the hypersensitive reaction of the immune system to a normally harmless…

Q: What is the significance of ASO? Is ASO specific to a disease? What are Todd Units?

A: ASO stands for Antistreptolysin O. It is a blood test which is used to detect antibodies against…

Q: How is hemophiliatreated? Why is hemophiliarare in females?

A: Hemophilia is usually an inherited bleeding disorder in which the blood does not clot properly. This…

Q: what are essential drugs? define

A: Medicines are compounds that are used to cure, halt, prevent, or diagnose the disease condition or…

Q: What is erythropoietin? What is its biological function?  What is recombinant erythropoietin? What…

A: Red blood cells are very important as their absence would cause anaemia Insidious blood deficiency…

Q: What are target cells?

A: Biology terms are fundamental concepts and terms used in biology, which is the study of life and…

Q: What is embolism?

A: Blood vessels are blood vessels that transport blood throughout the body. They form a closed loop…

Q: what are Tn elements?

A: The gene in prokaryotes and eukaryotes that are capable of moving from one position to another…

Q: What are immunoglobulins?

A: The immune system is a complex network of tissues, cells, and organs. They together assist the body…

Q: Which mechanisms theoretically prevent B and T lymphocyte auto-reactivity? Which tissues and cells…

A: B and T lymohocytes cells are  typesbof cells produces antibodiea to fight infectious organisms.…

Q: What is the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic in studying Anatomy, Physiology, and Pathophysiology?

A: We are all aware of our present situation that how covid-19 pandemic is affecting the whole globe.…

Respiratory Infections

Respiratory infections are infectious diseases of the respiratory tract that are mostly caused by bacteria and viruses. They cause infections of the throat, sinuses, airway path, and lungs. Respiratory infections are typically divided into two types: upper tract respiratory infection and lower tract respiratory infection.