Which of the following is a reason that consumption depends on current income, and not just on total wealth? A) Low income people may prefer to postpone some consumption until later years, when their incomes are higher. B) The anticipation of future financial distress makes some people reluctant to borrow. C) Banks will not always lend money to those who want to consume more than their income. D) all of the above E) none of the above
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mutiple choice, applied eco question
Which of the following is a reason that consumption depends on current income, and not just on total wealth?
A) Low income people may prefer to postpone some consumption until later years, when their incomes are higher.
B) The anticipation of future financial distress makes some people reluctant to borrow.
C) Banks will not always lend money to those who want to consume more than their income.
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
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Solved in 2 steps
- Consider the following extract and then answers the questions that follow: How SA's recession is impacting consumer spending Consumers are actively doing pre‐shopping research either through broadsheets or online, and comparing retailers’ offerings to seek out the best value before even leaving the house. Consumers simply no longer purchase certain items, pointing to their extreme need for frugality in current market conditions. Added to this, consumers have also changed the way they use these products in their homes to maximise usage and minimise wastage. This includes the alternative use of products, like using margarine in place of cooking oil and fragranced body lotion instead of perfume. Q1. Discuss the impact of the economy on consumer behaviour.Note: it is important that you consider using examples that is relevant and specific to the scenario provided when responding to this question. Q2. Finding cheaper prices online is one driver for online shopping. Describe any four other…Question 1. When the interest rate increases, the price of consumption when old relative to the price of consumption when youngoptions: O. decreasesO. increases O. has an indeterminate change O. does not changeIf you practice consumption smoothing, O you always spend less than you earn. there will be times in your life when it makes sense to borrow. O you make sure your current consumption matches your current income. O you do not save for the future.
- Equation for consumption is C=40/(0.8Y) where Y= yearly income = $400. A) what is the level of consumption B) what is the average propensity to consumeConsider the two-period model. The consumerís preferences over current and future consumption (c and c 0 ) are: REFER TO IMAGE FOR NEXT STEP (a) Find lifetime wealth, we. (b) Set up the Lagrangian and FINDd the optimal levels of current consumption (c), future consumption (c') and saving (y-t-c) c) Confirm that the allocation you found in part (b) is in fact optimal, by completing the following table. refer to second imageConsider the intertemporal consumption problem of Mr Cronus between two periods, say this yearand next year. His utility function takes the form U (c1; c2) = pc1 +0:97pc2, where c1 and c2 arehis consumption this and next year respectively. It can be shown (and you do not have to) thatthis utility function satis es diminishing marginal rate of substitution.His yearly income is stable at 100 unit (let say a unit is ten-thousand). He faces di¤erent interestrates between borrowing and saving. Speci cally, the saving interest rate is 0:02, whereas theborrowing interest rate is 0:04.(a) Describe the budget set facing Mr Cronus.(b) Is Mr Cronus a borrower? Explain your answer.(c) Is Mr Cronus a saver? Explain your answer.
- “Permanent Income of consumption is just the average of all current and future incomes. Thus, one does not need to do the maximisation of intertemporal utility”. True or False. Discuss according to the model. Note that you need to discuss according to the model?Suppose that a consumer/investor has an initial endowment only for the current period, which is Eo =450. She may consume today or in the next period only (two-period model). The interest rate for borrowing and lending in the capital market is 5% (a)Depict the budget constraint for the investor in an inter-temporal consumption diagram! What is the maximum amount the consumer is able to consume in the next period? (b)The consumption preferences of the consumer/investor are best described by a square root function, defined over current and future consumption. What is his optimal consumption plan? Show your calculations! Depict the results in appropriate diagram. Which amount is invested in the capital market?Say you define your permanent income as the average income this and the past 4 years’ incomes and you always consume 4/5 of your permanent income. Your earnings record over these years has been: Yt = 40,000 Yt-1 = 38,000 Yt-2 = 34,000 Yt-3 = 32,000 Yt-4 = 31,000 If next year your income increases to Yt+1 = 46,000 by how much will your consumption change between year t and year t+1?
- QUESTION 1An individual lives for two periods and decides how much to consume in each period.- In the first period his consumption equals C1 and his income Y1 = 200- In the second period his consumption equals C2 and his income Y2 = 100He can save or borrow money in the first period to finance his consumption in the second period.The interest rate he gets in case he saves or has to pay in case he borrows money equals 7%.Determine the budget constraint of this individual. C2 = −0.935·C1 +314C2 =−1.07·C1 +314C2 =−0.8·C1 +314C2 =−1.08·C1 +314 QUESTION 2The total production of a good y is determined by the production function y = 3L2/3K1/3, where L is labour input and K capital input.The reward (factor prices) for labour and capital are, l = 27 en r = 2, respectively.The producer needs to produce 9000 units of good y.How much units of labour will he hire if he wants to miminize his total costs? 1587,4839,953000515,23 QUESTION 3A good is traded on a perfectly competitive…Course: Microeconomics - Intertemporal Consumption Decisions Consider a person who consumes in the 2 periods (C1 and C2), but ONLY works and earns an income in the first period (C1). Assume that consumption in each period behaves as a normal good.a) What is the effect of a rise in income on welfare? And on consumption in both periods? GRAPHb) What is the effect of a rise in the interest rate (assume that r goes from 10% to 15%) that occurs before the consumption decisions on welfare? GRAPH and on consumption in both periods?) GRAPHQ 1 5. Refer to the following intertemporal budget constraint of a respective consumer: a. How would this budget constraint change if individual becomes more presented oriented (he discounts future heavily)? b. How would this budget constraint change if individual faces a borrowing constraint in second period?