Which of the following policy is not effective to prevent deflation? 050 A) Try to preserve a buffer zone for the inflation rate. B) Use monetary and fiscal policy to support aggregate spending. C) Conduct a "firesales" policy to sell assets to decrease the fall in asset prices. D) None of the above.
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- State whether the following statements are true, false, or uncertain and explain. -In the sticky-price model, if the economy is in a liquidity trap, the price level, P1, will display a tendency to fall. -Over the past 40 years, the average inflation rate was 3 per cent in country A and 22 per cent in country B. Country B must have had a lower average nominal interest rate than country A.Consider the classical AS-AD model with misperceptions. Assume that the economy is initially at its general equilibrium. Now, suppose the central bank considers an increase in the nominal money supply that is not anticipated by households or firms. a. How does the misperception theory work? b. Which of the three markets is first affected (labor, goods, or asset market)? Explain and show graphically how this market is affected by an unanticipated increase in the nominal money supply. c. Use the classical version of the AS-AD model with misperceptions to explain and to show graphically how an unanticipated increase in the nominal money supply affects the short-run equilibrium. d. Use the classical version of the AS-AD model with misperceptions to explain and to show graphically how an unanticipated increase in the nominal money supply affects the long-run (general) equilibrium.The economy shown here begins at a 0% output gap. Now suppose that banks begin to fear the risk of default and the risk premium rises by 2%. If inflation expectations remain unchanged, the actual inflation rate will be: A.) 2% higher B.) 1% higher C.) 1% Lower D.) 4% Lower
- Assume an economy’s annual money velocity in circulation is 10. Please answer the following two question: In the view of monetarists (i.e. neoclassical view), if the annual economic growth rate is 6%, what should be the money supply increasing rate to maintain a low inflation rate as 3%? Please show equation.Which of the following is true of Advantages of the US implicit Nominal Anchor? Select one: a. The Fed’s forward-looking behavior and stress on price stability also help to discourage overly expansionary monetary policy, thereby ameliorating the time consistency problem. b. It does not enable monetary policy to focus on domestic considerations. c. It relies on a stable money-inflation relationship. d. None of the aboveA Keynesian economy is described by the following equations. Consumption Cd = 250 + 0.5(Y - T) - 250r Investment Id = 250 - 250r Government purchases G = 300 Government taxes T = 300 Real money demand L = 0.5Y - 500r + πe Money supply M = 3000 Full-employment output Y = 1250 Expected inflation πe = 0 (HINT a: The expected rate of inflation is assumed to equal zero so that money demand depends directly on the real interest rate, which equals the nominal interest rate. Domestic Savings, Sd =Y - C - G. In equilibrium set domestic savings equal to domestic investment, so Sd = Id) Calculate the values of the real interest rate (r), consumption (Cd), and investment (Id) for the economy in general equilibrium.
- Suppose the interest rate that banks in Techland charge one another for overnight loans is 5 percent, the long-term nominal interest rate is 4.5 percent, and the long-term expected inflation rate is 3 percent. What is the long-term expected real interest rate? How will the long-term expected real interest rate be affected if the central bank of Techland starts purchasing government bonds from banks?In the RBC Model, assume you observe an initial inflation rate of 2%, and the spending level is 4%. If economists believe that deflation is a guaranteed sign of a recession, which of the following new spending levels might imply the economy is in a recession? a. 1.5% b. 2.3% c. 2.75% d. all of the above e. a and b onlySuppose an economy is characterized by the following three equations: where the first equation is an aggregate-supply function written in the form of an expectations-augmented Phillips curve, the second is an IS or aggregate-demand relationship, and the third is a money-demand equation, where ∆m denotes the growth rate of the nominal money supply. The real interest rate is denoted by r and the nominal rate by i, with Let the central bank implement policy by setting i to minimize the expected value of Assume that the policy authority has forecasts ef , uf , and vf of the shocks but that the public forms its expectations prior to the setting of i and without any information on the shocks. a. Assume that the central bank can commit to a policy of the form prior to knowing any of the realizations of the shocks. Derive the optimal commitment policy (i.e., the optimal values of c0, c1, c2, and c3). b. Derive the time-consistent equilibrium under discretion. How does the…
- What are the effects of a monetary contraction? Show the AS-AD and IS-LM with two stages and the associated time path for the relevant variables(Y,P, r )Distinguish between anticipated, unanticipated, and imperfectly anticipated inflation regarding its consequences in an economy in both the short and long run. In describing these weigh the pros and cons of indexation.Please draw the Philips curve with a positive relationship between aggregate output and inflation and another that shows an upward shift in the whole curve (brief explanation please as trying to understand it (: )