Which of the numbered arrows in the figure points toward a "high-energy" phosphoanhydride bond? NH2 -P-0-CH2 0-P-0-P 3 Но OH 0 1 0 2 0 3 O 4 O 5
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- Figure 27.3 illustrates the response of R (ATP-regenerating) and U (ATP-utilizing) enzymes to energy charge. a. Would hexokinase be an R enzyme or a U enzyme? Would glutamine: PRPP amidotransferase, the second enzyme in purine biosynthesis, be an R enzyme or a U enzyme? b. If energy charge = 0.5: Is the activity of hexokinase high or low? Is ribose-5-P pyrophosphokinase activity high or low? c. If energy charge = 0.95: Is the activity of hexokinase high or low? Is ribose-5-P pyrophosphokinase activity high or low?The Reactions and Meehanisms of the Leloir Pathway Write the reactions that permit galactose to be utilized in glycolysis. Write a suitable mechanism, tor one of these reactions.The oxidation of 1 mol of glucose supplies enough metabolic energy to form 36 mol of ATP. Oxidation of 1 mol of a typical dietary fat like tristearin (C57H116O6) yields enough energy toform 458 mol of ATP. How many molecules of ATP can form per gram of (a) glucose; (b) tristearin?
- All are single-electron carriers EXCEPT: a. UQH2. b. Cyt bL. c. Cyt bH. d. Rieske protein Fe-S clusters. e. Cyt c1. 2.The energy input for the synthesis of glycogen occurs during which of the following enzyme catalysed steps? a. phosphoglucomutase b. UDP-glucose pyrophTosphorylase c. glycogen synthase d. amylo-(1,4®1,6)-transglycosylase e. none of the above require energy input ______________________________________________________________________________(Using your diagram from #2 as the reactant, draw the full equation for this triacylglycerol undergoing saponification, using KOH.The free energy of hydrolysis of an α(1→4) glycosidic bond is −15.5 kJ ⋅mol−1, whereas that of an α(1→6) glycosidic bond is −7.1 kJ ⋅ mol−1. Use these data to explain why glycogen debranching includes three reactions [breaking and re-forming α(1→4) bonds and hydrolyzing α(1→6) bonds], whereas glycogen branching requires only two reactions [breaking α(1→4) bonds and forming α(1→6) bonds].
- What is the ∆G naught' for a phosphoryl transfer from ATP to glycerol? The hydrolysis of α-glycerophosphate to glycerol and inorganic phosphate has a ∆G naught' of -8.37 kj/mol. ATP + H2O <--> ADP + Pi ∆G naught' = -30.5 kj/mol What is the efficiency of this reaction (i.e. what % of the available energy remains in the system after the reaction)? Express your answer as a % of the total amount of energy available in the system. Where does the rest of the energy go?Part A. If you were to expose cells that are undergoing anaerobic respiration to a radioactive carbon isotope in the form of C6H12O6C6H12O6, which of the following molecules would you not expect to be radiolabeled? a)pyruvate b)succinyl CoA c)fructose-1,6-bisphosphate d)lactate Part b.If you were to expose cells that are undergoing aerobic respiration to a radioactive carbon isotope in the form of acetyl-CoA, which of the following molecules would you not expect to be radiolabeled? a)oxaloacetate b)succinyl CoA c)pyruvate d) CO2When glucose is reduced, only one alditol is produced.When fructose undergoes the same reaction, however,two diasteriomeric sugars are produced. Draw theirstructures.
- Acetocholinesterase is an enzyme possessing a single active site that metabolizesacetylcholine with a turn over number of 1.4 x 10^4s-1. How many grams of acetylcholine(molecular formula C7NO2H16+) will 2.16 x 10^-6 g acetocholinesterase metabolize in 60minutes? (The enzyme’s molecular mass is 4.2 x 10^4 g/mol).An oligosaccharide is a repeating unit of a-D-galactopyranosyl-(a-1 >3)-allopyranoside. Each disaccharide unit is linked via B-1 --->4 glycosidic bond. The oligosaccharide has 10 monosaccharide residues. Required: Is this oligosaccharide a good substrate for glycolysis? Why or why not? Provide two reasons and discuss corn prehensively.These enzymes form covalent intermediates A. Papain B. Alkaline phosphatase C. Elastase D. All of the above  This statement/s describe/s the function of TPP A. decarboxylation of alpha- keto acids B. oxidative decarboxylation of alpha- keto acids C. transketolation reactions D. All of the above True statement/s about intrinsic binding energy: A. More stable ES, slows the reaction B. Increasing the energy of ES is by either loss of entropy or destabilization of ES C. Smaller Ea between ES and ES* means faster the reaction D. All of the above