Why are compounds such as glyceraldehyde- 3-phosphate, pyruvate, and acetyl-CoA so important in metabolism?
Q: How is succinate dehydrogenase unique compared with the other enzymes in the citric acid cycle?
A: The citric acid cycle is a catabolic process. It is also known as the TCA cycle or Krebs cycle. It…
Q: After several days of starvation, the capacity of the liver to metabolize acetyl-CoA via the citric…
A: The citric acid cycle is involved in cell respiration and produces NADH and FADH2 for the electron…
Q: Which of the following citric acid cycle enzymes catalyzes substrate-level phosphorylation
A: The citric acid cycle is also known as the tricarboxylic acid cycle or the Krebs cycle. It is a…
Q: What are the steps involved (in order) in the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA?
A: Conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA: Pyruvate is the end product of glycolysis and acetyl CoA is…
Q: How might the level of HMG-CoA reductase activity be altered by the enzyme deficiency?
A: CHOLESTEROL is important in eukaryotic cell membranes. It is also a precursor of steroid hormones,…
Q: Which of the following is a key molecule that functions as oxidation end product in the catabolism,…
A: Fatty acids undergo a catabolic process known as a beta-oxidation pathway in order t generate energy…
Q: How many molecules of NADH and FADH2 are obtained from the b-oxidation of one molecule of a…
A: Beta oxidation is the oxidation of fatty acid at beta carbon. It involves three stages: Activation…
Q: Although both acetyl-CoA and succinyl-CoA are high-energy thioesters, their chemical energy is used…
A: A tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, commonly known as the Krebs or citric acid cycle, is the primary…
Q: What do you mean by acetyl-CoA carboxylase?
A: The term ‘Enzyme’ stands for the biochemical messengers present in the body. These secreted from…
Q: Why is pyruvate not oxidized to CO2 and H2O underanaerobic conditions?
A: Cellular respiration occurs in 3 stages namely pyruvate oxidation, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and…
Q: what is the metabolic reaction of propinoyl CoA carboxylase?
A: Propinoyl CoA carboxylase is an enzyme responsible for carboxylation reaction. Propinoyl CoA is…
Q: Is it possible to convert fatty acids to other lipids without acyl-CoA intermediates?
A: Fatty acids are building blocks of lipids. They combine with alcohol to form simple fats, such as…
Q: What is the basic process of β-oxidation? What happens to the resulting acetyl-CoA groups?
A: β-oxidation is the metabolic pathway that help to generate energy
Q: what is the function of Pyruvate carboxylase, Alcohol dehydrogenase
A: Introduction: The major source of energy for all the living cells on this planet is carbohydrates.…
Q: Acetyl-CoA is directly made from which organic molecule?
A: Acetyl-CoA (Coenzyme A) is a 2-carbon organic compound that enters unto citric acid cycle in the…
Q: How is pyruvate modified before entering the citric acid cycle?
A: Pyruvate is the end product of glycolysis which is a breakdown pathway of a glucose molecule to…
Q: What is the function of NAD+ in the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex?
A: Pyruvate is formed from glycolysis. This pyruvate gets converted to acetyl CoA by oxidative…
Q: To which class does each enzyme belong? Explain hexokinase alanine aminotransferase alcohol…
A: The International Union of Biochemists (IUB) classifies enzymes into six functional classes based on…
Q: what is the inhibitor of Acetyl-Co
A: Fatty acid metabolism includes Fatty acid biosynthesis (an anabolic process) and β- oxidation of…
Q: difference between an acetyl CoA molecule and an acyl CoA molecule?
A: Acetyl CoA and Acyl CoA are the type of Coenzyme A which acts as a cofactor. Coenzyme A is…
Q: What is the significance of acetyl-CoA as a "strategic intermediate" in respiration?
A: The Krebs cycle is a metabolic mechanism that aids in the conversion of the pyruvate molecule to…
Q: How does pyruvate carboxylase deficiency result in lactic aciduria, an illness in which lactate…
A: Glucose metabolism is regulated by hormones and feedback system.
Q: What reaction brings acetyl CoA into the citric acid cycle?
A: ATP is the energy currency for all living cells. The citric acid cycle is a combination of 8…
Q: Why is acetyl-CoA considered the central molecule of metabolism?
A: Metabolism is the term used to describe set of chemical reactions that are involved in the living…
Q: If acyetal-CoA dehydrogenase was unavailable, malonyl-CoA could not be made from aceytal-CoA. That…
A: There is no enzyme called acyetal CoA dehydrogenase or acetyl CoA dehydrogenase. The enzyme that…
Q: Which of the following is incorrect about the conversion of acetyl-CoA (2 C) to malonyl- COA (3 C)?…
A: Acetyl CoA (2C) conversion to Malonyl CoA (3C) is the first step of fatty acid synthesis.
Q: How Is Pyruvate Oxidatively Decarboxylatedto Acetyl-CoA
A: Oxidative decarboxylation is a process in which carbon dioxide is produced through removal of a…
Q: What are the similarities and differences between the reactions catalyzed by pyruvate dehydrogenase…
A: Introduction Respiration is a metabolic process involving the oxidation of organic compounds to form…
Q: Why is the citric acid cycle the most efficient way to oxidise Acetyl CoA?
A: The citric acid cycle (CAC), also known as the TCA cycle (tricarboxylic acid cycle) or the Krebs…
Q: What is the role of HMG CoA reductase in cholesterol and isoprenoid synthesis?
A: HMG-CoA reductase is the rate controlling enzyme of the mevalonate pathway, the metabolic pathway…
Q: How many molecules of acetyl CoA, FADH2, and NADH are produced in the catabolism of a molecule of…
A: Arachidonic acid is a polyunsaturated fatty acid contained in the phospholipids of the body's cell…
Q: Malate synthase, an enzyme of the glyoxylate cycle, catalyzes the condensa- tion of glyoxylate with…
A: Cellular respiration is a catabolic pathway of the process of metabolism, where a series of chemical…
Q: What is the role of pyruvate dehydrogenase and what are its products?
A: Introduction:- Pyruvate dehydrogenase is an enzyme that catalyzes the reaction of pyruvate and a…
Q: What enzyme is the point of regulation for fatty acid synthesis in the cytoplasm? Fatty acid…
A: Fatty acids are important micromolecules which combine together to form lipids in plants, animals…
Q: How does pyruvate from glycolysis get to the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex?
A: Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex : It is a complex of three enzymes that converts pyruvate into…
Q: How does the pyruvate dehydrogenase reaction control the citric acid cycle?
A: The conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA is catalyzed by the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. This…
Q: How many times does stearic acid (CH3(CH2)16COOH) spiral through the β@oxidation pathway to produce…
A: steric acid is a saturated fatty acid that was obtained from vegetative fats and also from animals.…
Q: What does Succinyl coa By-products in krebs cycle?
A: Kreb cycle is a process in which a series of chemical reactions takes place in order to release the…
Q: How does Pyruvate dehydrogenase contribute to metabolism?
A: Pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDHs) describes a cornerstone in the metabolismof cellular energy that links…
Q: Why are animal fats sometimes called “the king of fuels”? What is the significance of acetyl-CoA to…
A: The building blocks of the living system is the biomolecules. The biomolecules serve as the…
Q: Why is acetyl-CoA considered a “strategic intermediate” in respiration?
A: Respiration is the process of oxidation of nutrients to retrieve the energy stored in them.
Q: The acetyl group of acetyl-CoA is derived from the breakdown of lipids, carbohydrates, and certain…
A: Acetyl Co A is a two carbon intermediate produced by the reaction of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex.…
Q: Explain the difference of carbohydrate (glycolysis) from lipid (β-oxidation) metabolism in terms of…
A: It is asked to explain the difference of carbohydrate (glycolysis) from lipid (β-oxidation)…
Q: Which molecule stimulates the activity of the pyruvate carboxylase enzyme? Is it ADP, CO2, ATP or…
A: Acetyl Co A stimulates the activity of the pyruvate carboxylase enzyme.It is the major regulator of…
Q: what are the components of Pyruvate dehydrogenase Enzyme complex ?
A: Pyruvate dehydrogenase Enzyme complex is made up of three Enzymes and requires 5 coenzymes .
Q: How many acetyl-CoA molecules can be produced from a 20-carbon chain free fatty acid?
A: A balanced diet is the prerequisite of all human beings to sustain life. A balanced diet contains…
Q: What reactions convert glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate to pyruvate?
A: Introduction: Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate is converted to pyruvate In a series of steps that produce…
Q: What is the metabolic importance of malonyl-CoA?
A: Introduction: Malonyl-CoA is a malonic acid coenzyme A derivative. In the production of fatty acids…
Q: Does Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex have coenzymes and Allosteric regulation?
A: Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) is a three-enzyme complex that decarboxylates pyruvate into…
Q: What is the purpose of converting citrate to isocitrate in the Citric Acid Cycle?
A: Krebs cycle is also known as the citric acid cycle or tricarboxylic acid cycle. This cycle takes…
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- What is the final fate of the carbons in acetyl-CoA after several turns of the citric acid cycle?How many acetyl CoA molecules can be produced during the complete β-oxidation of this fatty acid?How similar of an effect would a mutation in pyruvate dehydrogenase have, compared to a mutation in pyruvate carboxylase that blocks its ability to be regulated by acetyl-CoA?
- Which of the following fatty acids will produce propionyl-CoA in its/their last β-oxidation cycle?How would the rapid accumulation of succinyl-CoA affect the rate of glucose oxidation?Explain the difference of carbohydrate (glycolysis) from lipid (β-oxidation) metabolism in terms of producing an acetyl-coA that will enter the Kreb cycle?