Why is it important to have optimum binder content in Hot-Mix-Asphalt? What would happen if a less-than-optimum binder content is used? What would happen if more than the optimum value is used? What is the typical range of binder content in HMA

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Bituminous Materials

The word 'bituminous' in Bituminous materials come from the word bitumen, which is popularly known as 'asphalt' in the United States. Asphalt is a heavier substance that is obtained by the fractional distillation of crude oil, after removing the lighter components such as gasoline and diesel. Asphalts are known to have good adhesive and waterproofing properties. Depending upon the grade needed, asphalt may be refined several times in the fractional distillation column.