With specific reference to Pauling’s rules of crystal chemistry, explain, with the aid of labeled sketches why the polymerization of silicate tetrahedra or borate triangles can (and often does) occur in crystal structures, whereas the extended polymerization of carbonate triangles or sulfate tetrahedra is rare in mineral structures.

Principles of Modern Chemistry
8th Edition
ISBN:9781305079113
Author:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. Butler
Publisher:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. Butler
Chapter22: Inorganic Materials
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With specific reference to Pauling’s rules of crystal chemistry, explain, with the aid of
labeled sketches why the polymerization of silicate tetrahedra or borate triangles can (and
often does) occur in crystal structures, whereas the extended polymerization of carbonate
triangles or sulfate tetrahedra is rare in mineral structures.  

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