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Would you expect 2-Chlorobutanoic acid to have higher or lower pka than 4-Chlorobutanoic acid?
Does 2-Chlorobutanoic acid to have higher or lower pka than 4-Chlorobutanoic acid?
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- Which has a lower pKa value, the conjugate acid of 3-bromoquinuclidine or the conjugate acid of 3 -chloroquinuclidine?Using resonance structures, explain why 4-nitrobenzoic acid was a lower pKa than benzoic acid.Use the four compounds shown below to answer the following questions: a. Why are the ortho-halo-substituted benzoic acids stronger acids than benzoic acid?b. Why is o-fluorobenzoic acid the weakest of the ortho-halo-substituted benzoic acids?c. Why do o-chlorobenzoic acid and o-bromobenzoic acid have similar pKa values?
- Use the four compounds shown below to answer the following questions: a. Why are the ortho-halo-substituted benzoic acids stronger acids than benzoic acid? b. Why is o-fluorobenzoic acid the weakest of the ortho-halo-substituted benzoic acids? c. Why do o-chlorobenzoic acid and o-bromobenzoic acid have similar pKa values?What is the conjugate acid of acetamide and its pka value?A naturally occurring amino acid such as alanine has a group that is a carboxylic acid and a group that is a protonated amine. a. If the pKa value of a carboxylic acid such as acetic acid is about 5 (see Table 2.1), then why is the pKa value of the carboxylic acid group of alanine so much lower? b. Draw the structure of alanine in a solution at pH = 0. c. Draw the structure of alanine in a solution at physiological pH (pH 7.4). d. Draw the structure of alanine in a solution at pH = 12. e. Is there a pH at which alanine is uncharged (that is, neither group has a charge)? f. At what pH does alanine have no net charge (that is, the amount of negative charge is the same as the amount of positive charge)?
- what is the structure of o-methylphenoxide anion and what is its pKa?A naturally occurring amino acid such as alanine has a group that is a carboxylic acid and a group that is a protonated amine. The pKa values of the two groups are shown.(a). If the pKa value of a carboxylic acid such as acetic acid is about 5, then why is the pKa value of the carboxylic acid group of alanine so much lower? (b). Draw the structure of alanine in a solution at pH = 0. (c). Draw the structure of alanine in a solution at physiological pH (pH 7.4).(d). Draw the structure of alanine in a solution at pH = 12. (e). Is there a pH at which alanine is uncharged (that is, neither group has a charge)? (f) At what pH does alanine have no net charge (that is, the amount of negative charge is the same as the amount of positive charge)?The pKa values of a few ortho-, meta-, and para-substituted benzoic acids are shown below: The relative pKa values depend on the substituent. For chloro-substituted benzoic acids, the ortho isomer is the most acidic and the para isomer is the least acidic; for nitro-substituted benzoic acids, the ortho isomer is the most acidic and the meta isomer is the least acidic; and for amino-substituted benzoic acids, the meta isomer is the most acidic and the ortho isomer is the least acidic. Explain these relative acidities. a. Cl: ortho > meta > para b. NO2: ortho > para > meta c. NH2: meta > para > ortho
- The pKa values of a few ortho-, meta-, and para-substituted benzoic acids are shown below: The relative pKa values depend on the substituent. For chloro-substituted benzoic acids, the ortho isomer is the most acidic and the para isomer is the least acidic; for nitro-substituted benzoic acids, the ortho isomer is the most acidic and the meta isomer is the least acidic; and for amino-substituted benzoic acids, the meta isomer is the most acidic and the ortho isomer is the least acidic. Explain these relative acidities.a. Cl: ortho 7 meta 7 para b. NO2: ortho 7 para 7 meta c. NH2: meta 7 para 7 orthoThe pKa of acetamide (CH3CONH2) is 16. Draw the structure for its conjugate base and explain why acetamide is less acidic than CH3COOH.Acetic, formic, hydrofluoric, and acetylsalicylic acids have the following values of pKa (25°C), respectively: 4.74, 3.74, 3.17, 3.49. Order these acids in order acidity (from highest to lowest acidity)