You are given the measurements of two sides of a rectangle A and B with the associate errors A and σB, respectively. Assuming A and B are uncorrelated, calculate the error in the: > (i) sum A + B (ii) difference A - B (iii) the perimeter 2A + 2B (iv) the area A x B (v) the aspect ratio A/B

Algebra & Trigonometry with Analytic Geometry
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ISBN:9781133382119
Author:Swokowski
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Chapter7: Analytic Trigonometry
Section7.6: The Inverse Trigonometric Functions
Problem 94E
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2.0.2 Problem 2: Error propagation
a) You are given the measurements of two sides of a rectangle A and B with the associate errors
A and B, respectively. Assuming A and B are uncorrelated, calculate the error in the: >
(i) sum A + B (ii) difference A - B (iii) the perimeter 2A + 2B (iv) the area A x B (v) the
aspect ratio A/B
b) In the muon lifetime experiment, we obtain a histogram for the recorded decays as function of
the time after the muon enters the detector. After binning the decays into discrete time bins,
we expect the distribution of decays (histogram) to be described by an exponential function
of time. Rather than fitting the data directly with an exponential function, it is sometimes
more convenient to plot the logarithm of the decays in a bin (y;) as a function of time (x₁) and
then fit a straight line to it. Each data point of the histogram (x, y) has a statistical error,
oi √, associated with it. What happens to these errors when the semi-log histogram
(x, log10 yi) is plotted? Assume that all values of y, are >> 1.
=
c) In a separate experiment, you find that log₁0 Eo = 1.5±0.5 (at 68% confidence level, CL).
What is the value of Eo and the experimental bounds at 68% CL? (Note that 0.5 is not small
compared to 1.5).
Transcribed Image Text:2.0.2 Problem 2: Error propagation a) You are given the measurements of two sides of a rectangle A and B with the associate errors A and B, respectively. Assuming A and B are uncorrelated, calculate the error in the: > (i) sum A + B (ii) difference A - B (iii) the perimeter 2A + 2B (iv) the area A x B (v) the aspect ratio A/B b) In the muon lifetime experiment, we obtain a histogram for the recorded decays as function of the time after the muon enters the detector. After binning the decays into discrete time bins, we expect the distribution of decays (histogram) to be described by an exponential function of time. Rather than fitting the data directly with an exponential function, it is sometimes more convenient to plot the logarithm of the decays in a bin (y;) as a function of time (x₁) and then fit a straight line to it. Each data point of the histogram (x, y) has a statistical error, oi √, associated with it. What happens to these errors when the semi-log histogram (x, log10 yi) is plotted? Assume that all values of y, are >> 1. = c) In a separate experiment, you find that log₁0 Eo = 1.5±0.5 (at 68% confidence level, CL). What is the value of Eo and the experimental bounds at 68% CL? (Note that 0.5 is not small compared to 1.5).
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General formula for Error propagation:

If there are n measurements x1,x2, ...., xn with the uncertainties σ1, σ2,...., σn, and a function of the measurements fx1,...,xn is known, then the uncertainty in f is given by:

σf=fx1σ12+fx2σ22+....+fxnσn2

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