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- Suppose that two European electronics companies, Siemens (Firm S) and Alcatel-Lucent (Firm T), jointly hold a patent on a component used in airport radar systems. - Demand for the component is given by the following function \[ P=1,000-Q \] - The total cost functions of manufacturing and selling the component for the respective firms are \[ \begin{array}{c} T C_{S}=70,000+5 Q_{S}+0.25 Q_{S}^{2} \\ T C_{T}=110,000+5 Q_{T}+0.15 Q_{T}^{2} \end{array} \] Assume that the firms agreed to form cartel and calculate the joint profit.Exercise 6.8. Two companies with cost functions C1 (q1 )=5q1 and C2 (q2)= 0.5 q2 ² supply the to the same market. If the inverse market demand function is given by P = 100 - 0,5Q , where Q = q₁ + q₂ , find a) The production level of each firm, the price and the profits if the companies compete according to the Cournot model. (b) The level of production of each undertaking, the price and the profits if the undertakings agree to jointly maximise their profits. Show the results with the help of graphs.You are the manager of BlackSpot Computers, which competes directly with Condensed Computers to sell highpowered computers to businesses. From the two businesses’ perspectives, the two products are indistinguishable. The large investment required to build production facilities prohibits other firms from entering this market, and existing firms operate under the assumption that the rival will hold output constant. The inverse market demand for computers is P=5900-Q , and both firms produce at a marginal cost of $800 per computer. Currently, BlackSpot earns revenues of $4.25 million and profits (net of investment, R&D, and other fixed costs) of $890,000. The engineering department at BlackSpot has been steadily working on developing an assembly method that would dramatically reduce the marginal cost of producing these high-powered computers and has found a process that allows it to manufacture each computer at a marginal cost of $500. How will this technological advance impact your…
- You are the manager of a firm that manufactures front and rear windshields for the automobile industry. Due to economies of scale in the industry, entry by new firms is not profitable. Toyota has asked your company and your only rival to simultaneously submit a price quote for supplying 100,000 front and rear windshields for its newest version of the Highlander. If both you and your rival submit a low price, each firm supplies 50,000 front and rear windshields and earns a zero profit. If one firm quotes a low price and the other a high price, the low-price firm supplies 100,000 front and rear windshields and earns a profit of $11 million and the high-price firm supplies no windshields and loses $2 million. If both firms quote a high price, each firm supplies 50,000 front and rear windshields and earns a $6 million profit. Determine your optimal pricing strategy if you and your rival believe that the new Highlander is a “special edition” that will be sold only for one year. Would your…Assume the market shares of the six largest firms in an industry are 15 percent each. The six-firm concentration ratio would indicate that the industry is highly concentrated, while the Herfindahl- Hirschman Index would not. True OR False? If the inputs to a production process are perfect substitutes and the marginal rate of technical substitution is equal to the ratio of the prices of the two inputs, the firm can choose from a virtually infinite array of combinations of the two inputs to minimize the costs of producing a given level of output. True OR False?You are the manager of BlackSpot Computers, which competes directly with Condensed Computers to sell high-powered computers to businesses. From the two businesses’ perspectives, the two products are indistinguishable. The large investment required to build production facilities prohibits other firms from entering this market, and existing firms operate under the assumption that the rival will hold output constant. The inverse market demand for computers is P = 5,900 − Q, and both firms produce at a marginal cost of $800 per computer. Currently, BlackSpot earns revenues of $4.25 million and profits (net of investment, R&D, and other fixed costs) of $890,000. The engineering department at BlackSpot has been steadily working on developing an assembly method that would dramatically reduce the marginal cost of producing these high-powered computers and has found a process that allows it to manufacture each computer at a marginal cost of $500. How will this technological advance impact…
- Suppose that Kenya Railways serves two major separate customers, namely: urban users and rural users of the railway line. The company can charge different prices to these two customers. Suppose that the total cost for running trips by Kenya Railways is given by the following cost function: C= 25+10Q Where: C = total cost Q = total output of trips made by the railway line The inverse demand functions for the two customers are given as follows: P1 = 40-5Q1 P2 =90-2Q2 Where: p1 = Price charged to urban users; and is number of trips by urban users p2 = Price charged to rural users; and is number of trips by rural users Required: How many trips should Kenya Railway serve in each market and what price should the firm charge in each market? Compute the profits of Kenya Railways without price discrimination From your knowledge of the relationships between various costs of production, fill in the blanks of Table 1 below: Table 1 Q TC…Additional Problem 3: Assume two companies (C and D) are Cournot duopolists that produce identical products. Demand for the products is given by the following linear demand function: ? = 600 − ?C − ?D where ?C and ?D are the quantities sold by the respective firms and P is the price. Total cost functions for the two companies are ??C= 25,000 +100?C 2 ??D = 20,000 + 125?D c. Determine the equilibrium price and quantities sold by each firm. d.Determine the profits for the market as well as eachfirm.You are the manager of a firm that manufactures front and rear windshields for the automobile industry. Due to economies of scale in the industry, entry by new firms is not profitable. Toyota has asked your company and your only rival to simultaneously submit a price quote for supplying 100,000 front and rear windshields for its new Highlander. If both you and your rival submit a low price, each firm supplies 50,000 front and rear windshields and earns a $1 million in profits. If one firm quotes a low price and the other a high price, the low-price firm supplies 100,000 front and rear windshields and earns a profit of $11 million and the high-price firm supplies no windshields and loses $2 million. If both firms quote a high price, each firm supplies 50,000 front and rear windshields and earns a $6 million profit. The new Highlander is a “special edition” that will be sold only for one year. a. Supported by this information, complete the payoff matrix. (values are in million)…
- Consider the following model of Cournot competition with fixed cost. There are two identical firms, and the inverse demand function is given byP(q1,q2) = 19−(q1 +q2). Firms have constant marginal cost, but any firm operating in this market (that is, qi > 0) must pay a license fee F . In particular, firm i’s cost function is ( attached below ) a) Derive the firms’ best response functions. (b) For what values of F, if any, will there be a symmetric (pure) Nash equilibrium in which firms produce a positive quantity? What is the Nash equilibrium in that case? (c) For what values of F, if any, will both firms shutting down be the symmetric (pure) Nash equilibrium?Consider a homogeneous good industry (such as an agricultural product) with just two firms and a total market demand Q = 400−P, so the inverse demand is P = 400 − Q. Suppose both firms have a constant marginal cost equal to $100 per unit of output and a fixed cost equal to $10,000. Suppose that the firms compete by simultaneously setting price, not simultaneously setting output. That is, suppose we consider the Bertrand model instead of the Cournot. Show that the two firms must earn lower profits. Hint: Create a two-by-two game using two different prices for each firm. One price should be the Cournot price (the Cournot is price of the good when firms produce the Cournot output you found above, which is 100 and 100, so the price is P = 400 − 100 − 100 = 200). The second price should be under 200 and over 150. Then show that the Nash equilibrium of this game is the lower of the two prices. When calculating profits, assume that each firm has equal sales (one half of demand) if they charge…Two firms - firm 1 and firm 2 - share a market for a specific product. Both have zero marginal cost. They compete in the manner of Bertrand and the market demand for the product is given by: q = 20 − min{p1, p2}. 1. What are the equilibrium prices and profits? 2. Suppose the two firms have signed a collusion contract, that is, they agree to set the same price and share the market equally. What is the price they would set and what would be their profits? For the following parts, suppose the Bertrand game is played for infinitely many times with discount factor for both firms δ ∈ [0, 1). 3. Let both players adopt the following strategy: start with collusion; maintain the collusive price as long as no one has ever deviated before; otherwise set the Bertrand price. What is the minimum value of δ for which this is a SPNE. 4. Suppose the policy maker has imposed a price floor p = 4, that is, neither firm is allowed to set a price below $4. How does your answer to part 3 change? Is it now…