You are working in a lab and want to assess ETC activity in response to various compounds. To do this, you isolate mitochondria and measure oxygen consumption before and after the addition of those compounds. In this experiment, the isolatedmitochondria have a basal level of oxygen consumption and they have plenty of ADP and Pi. Match the following treatments with the outcomes:GlucoseFuel for ETC function AND an ATP synthase inhibitorFuel for ETC function AND an ATP synthase inhibitor with succinateFuel for ETC function AND an uncouplerFuel for ETC function AND an ATP synthase inhibitor AND an uncouplerATP synthase inhibitor AND succinateATP synthase inhibitor AND succinate AND an uncouplerATP synthase inhibitor AND an uncoupler1) No effect on oxygen consumption.2) Decrease in oxygen consumption.3) Increase in oxygen consumption.

The electron transport chain is made up of four protein complexes that combine redox processes to…

Answered: You are working in a lab and want to…

Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)

9th Edition

ISBN:9781285866932

Author:Lauralee Sherwood

Publisher:Lauralee Sherwood

Chapter2: Cell Physiology

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 10RE: Using the answer code on the right, indicate which form of energy production is being described: 1....

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In the first stage of glycolysis, the hydroxyl group on C6 of glucose is phosphorylated to form glucose-6-phosphate (G6P). In this reaction, which of the following statements is true? a. O b. d. e. Glucose kinase is used to catalyze the reaction. Hexokinase is used to catalyze the reaction. A molecule of NADH is synthesized. One ATP is synthesized. Fructose kinase is used to catalyze the reaction.
In hepatocytes, the enzyme glucokinase catalyzes the ATP-coupled phosphorylation of glucose. Glucokinase binds both ATP and glucose, forming a glucose-ATP-enzyme complex. The enzyme then transfers the phosphoryl group directly from ATP to glucose. Select the advantages of phosphoryl group transfer compared to hydrolysis and subsequent phosphorylation? Glucokinase increases the transition state energy, favoring glucose phosphorylation. Reaction intermediates do not need to be present in excess. The process takes advantage of the high phosphoryl group transfer potential of ATP. ATP hydrolysis is thermodynamically unfavorable compared to group transfer.
Which of the following statements is false concerning the ‘tight binding site’ of ATP Synthase within the natural environment of the mitochondria? Group of answer choices ATP is released from the tight binding site This is a binding site found within an αβ subunits of the F1 portion of ATP Synthase The tight binding forces the reaction of ADP + Pi → ATP The tight binding site has the lowest KM for ATP
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase catalyzes the first step of the pentose phosphate pathway. This enzyme is highly specific for NADP+; the KM for NAD+ is about a thousand times that of NADP+. What does this mean in terms of affinity of the enzyme for NAD+ and NADP+? How would being forced to use NAD+ affect rate?
Antagonist binds to the enzyme at a site far away from the receptor site to inhibit the function of an enzyme. Select one: O True O False Glycolysis is a reductive process because glucose is reduced to form pyruvate. Select one: O True O False Hexokinase catalyses an irreversible reaction in glycolysis. Select one: O True O False
What is the advantage of using ATP as a common energy source?Another way of asking this question is, “Why does ATP provide anadvantage over using a bunch of different food molecules?” For example,instead of just having a Na+/K+-ATPase in a cell, why not have manydifferent ion pumps, each driven by a different food molecule, like aNa+/K+-glucosase (a pump that uses glucose), a Na+/K+-sucrase (a pumpthat uses sucrose), a Na+/K+-fatty acidase (a pump that uses fatty acids),and so on?
Table 8: ATP Yield from Anaerobic Respiration (for 1 Glucose Molecule) # of ATPS Generated through Substrate-Level Phosphorylation # of ATPS Generated from NADH and FADH, through Oxidative # of NADH and FADH, Produced Gross Subtotal of ATPS Produced Process Phosphorylation NADH: FADH2: Glycolysis NADH: FADH2: GROSS TOTAL of ATPS Produced # of ATPS Spent NETTOTAL of ATPS Produced Fermentation
NADH and succinate are substrates that can be oxidized and will consume oxygen. Rotenone and cyanide are inhibitors of the electron transport chain and can block oxidation. Match each description of the effector to the appropriate oxygen consumption. A plot may match more than one description. Some plots will not match any description. (At least one of the matches in the image was incorrect)
Which of the following statements are TRUE? O a. Phosphofructose kinase (PFK) is used exclusively for anaerobic glycolysis O b. Mitochondria cannot produce ATP from protein and fat O c. Mitochondria are not used in high intensity exercise but are the only system responsible for ATP production during light and moderate intensity exercise O d. From a single glucose molecule, mitochondria form much more ATP than comes directly from glycolysis
In each of two steps during the "Energy payoff stage" of glycolysis, ATP is generated when an enzyme uses one of the phosphate groups attached to one of the ends of a 3-carbon intermediate molecule to phosphorylate (add a phosphate group) ADP, forming ATP. This mechanism of producing ATP from ADP and a phosphate group is known as: Question 9 options: substrate level phosphorylation redox phosphorylation lactic acid fermentation oxidative phosphorylation
Having now learned how to conduct basic cell culture, you are ready to complete your first experiments. Below is a portion of the respiration pathway in O.Extremus in which electrons are transferred from NADH to O2; the energy of this reaction is coupled to the pumping of H+, and ultimately ATP production. O.Extremus displays abnormally high activity levels of an enzyme called ATPase. This results in increased hydrolysis of ATP to ADP and later AMP. What effect would this have on the overall metabolic rate in these cells? Explain your reasoning.
The image below shows part of a key catabolic pathway. If an individual had a deficiency for the enzyme required at point "X", would they still be able to produce a high rate of ATP during very strenuous exercise? ATP in Glucose Prep. phase Payoff phase ļ - MacRoc Pyruvate →→→ Anaerobic fate of pyruvate ATP out ▬OD OF 1- HP 01 -- Select one: O a. No, because NAD* will not be regenerated by lactate dehydrogenase. The reduction of NAD+ to NADH is a required step during the payoff phase of glycolysis. O b. No, because lactate dehydrogenase is required for the continued recycling of NAD+ to NADH, thus allowing glycolysis to continue. Oc. Yes, because pyruvate dehydrogenase is necessary to produce acetyl-CoA, which under these conditions will feed into the citric acid cycle. Od. Yes, because this enzyme is responsible for the substrate-level phosphorylation necessary to maintain the ATP input for the preparatory phase of glycolysis. DE Report question issue Notes + 14:12 ( CE

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