A 10-m-thick layer of stiff saturated clay is underlain by a layer of sand (Figure 9.28). The sand is under artesian pressure. A 5.75-m-deep cut is made in the clay. Determine the factor of safety against heaving at point
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Q: A 10-m-thick layer of stiff saturated clay is underlain by a layer of sand. The sand is under…
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A 10-m-thick layer of stiff saturated clay is underlain by a layer of sand (Figure 9.28). The sand is under artesian pressure. A 5.75-m-deep cut is made in the clay. Determine the factor of safety against heaving at point A.
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- An embankment for road traffic is required to be constructed with the followingdimensions :Top width = 8 m, height = 4 m, side slopes= I V : 1.5 HorThe unit weight of soil under the worst condition is 21 kN/m3. The surcharge load on theroad surface may be taken as 50 kN/m2. Compute the vertical pressure at a depth of 6 mbelow the ground surface at the following locations:(i) On the central longitudinal plane of the embankment,(ii) Below the toes of the embankmAn embankment for road traffic is required to be constructed with the following dimensions : Top width = 8 m, height = 4 m, side slopes= I V : 1.5 Hor The unit weight of soil under the worst condition is 21 kN/m3. The surcharge load on the road surface may be taken as 50 kN/m2. Compute the vertical pressure at a depth of 6 m below the ground surface at the following locations: (i) On the central longitudinal plane of the embankment, (ii) Below the toes of the embankment.A 300mm by 460mm rectangular pipe carries oil at 105 kpa absolute and 20c through 460m with an average velocity of 2.97 m/s. determine the loss and the pressure drop, assuming the pipe is horizontal and the size of the surface imperfections is 0.00055m.
- A hydraulic jump is formed in a trapezoidal channelof 2.0-m bed width, 1: 1 side slope, and carrying adischarge of 6.0 m3 Is. The injtial and final depths ofthe jump are 0.5 m and 2.0 m, respectively. Concreteblocks are placed to stabilize the jump. Calculate theminimum weight of these blocks if the coefficient offriction between the blocks and channel bed, c1, is 0.6.A masonry dam has a coefficient of permeability in the vertical and horizontal directions of Kz=4m/day and Kx=5m/day, respectively. The difference in the head is 18m and the distance between the base of the dam and the downstream water surface is 18m. Assume z=35m and width of dam = 40m. a. Determine the seepage flow (m3/day). b. Determine the uplift pressure (kPa) at A. c. Determine the uplift force (kN) acting in the dam. Assume that the uplift pressure under the dam varies uniformly.Consider a farm irrigation ditch in a loam soil having the following dimensions: bottom width= 0.6 m, total depth, 0.5 m, side slopes= 1.5 horizontal to 1 vertical, and depth of water= 0.4 m. If the bottom of the ditch has a uniform slope of 2 m/km, and if the bottom & sides are kept smooth and free from weeds, what will be the mean velocity(m/s) of flow and discharge in m^3/s? Use n = 0.02. Find the shear stress at the watersurface, at half flow depth, and the canal bottom in N/m2 (or Pa). What is the shear velocity in m/sec?
- If there is a layer of sand (lower layer) under artesian pressure (causes upward flow), calculate the excavation height H so that a negative effective stress is not generated at point A and therefore the heaving of the soil at that point. Use a unit weight of water w of 62.43 lb/ft3. Note: In this example we make a similarity with the permeameter with upward flow, therefore, H1=0 since from the bottom of the excavation (Na) upwards it remains dry (pumping is done), H2= 20ft-H, h=12ft-H2.Regarding geotextiles used in separation, what is the required burst pressure of a geotextile supporting 75-mm maximum-size stone and heavy trucks with a tire inflation pressure of 1000-kPa? Use (where p’ = the pressure at the geotextile interface and p = the inflation pressure); a cumulative reduction factor = 2.0; and a factor of safety = 2.0.An oil tank is to be sited on a soft alluvial deposit of clay. Below the soft clay is athick layer of stiff clay. It was decided that a circular embankment, 10 m diameter,with wick drains inserted into the soft clay would be constructed to preconsolidateit. The height of the embankment is 6 m and the unit weight of the soil comprisingthe embankment is 18 kN/m3. The following data are available: thickness of softclay = 7 m, ks = 1 × 10−10 m/s and Ch = 0.6 m2/yr. The desired degree ofconsolidation is 90% in 12 months. Determine the spacing of a square grid of thewick drains. Assume wick drain of size 100 mm × 3 mm and qw = 0.1 × 10−6 m3/s.The flow point distance is 4 m. Assume a half-closed system.
- 1. A trapezoidal channel has a bottom width of 6 m and side slopes of 2H:1V. If thedepth of flow is 1.2 m and the flow is 20.40 m3/s,a. Compute the specific energy b. Compute the slope of channel if n = 0.014 c. Compute the average shearing stress at the boundaryAn embankment for road traffic is required to be constructed with the following dimensions :Top width = 8 m, height = 4 m, side slopes= IV : 1.5 HorThe unit weight of soil under the worst condition is 21 kN/m3. The surcharge load on the road surface may be taken as 50 kN/m2 Compute the vertical pressure at a depth of 6 mbelow the ground surface at the following locations:(i) On the central longitudinal plane of the embankment,(ii) Below the toes of the embankment. If the top width of the road given in above Problem is reduced to zero, what would be the change in the vertical pressure at the same points?Determine the value of the critical hydraulic gradient if the specific gravity of the soil is (Gs =) 2.67 and the void ratio is (e =) 0.45. Also determine the value of the factor of safety if the hydraulic gradient is (i =) 0.46.