Acetic acid

acetate was synthesized by refluxing 1 eq of isopentanol with 4 eq of acetic acid, and 0.5 eq of concentrated sulfuric acid as a catalyst and a dehydrating agent to ensure reaction equilibrium lies far towards the products. The reaction mixture was then added to water and liquid-liquid extraction was conducted. A second extraction was then conducted after adding NaHCO3 solution to the organic layer. This removes the residual acids which are soluble in the aqueous layer. Drying of the crude ester with

The work presented here attacks the issue of understanding the chemical evolution of prebiotic and biotic materials, such as amino acids, from multiple fronts. From an observational standpoint, the identification of carbodiimide in the ISM for the first time has added a new molecule to the known molecular inventory. Beyond this result, and perhaps more importantly, it has hopefully opened others up to the possibility that searches for molecules that should be undetectable under LTE conditions may

CHAPTER 2 Materials and Methods 2.1. Chemicals Table 2.0. List of chemicals Chemicals Manufacturer/Country ABTS(2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) ) Sigma Aldrich Laboratories, Canada Ascorbic Acid Sigma Aldrich Laboratories, Canada Camphene Loba Chemie PVT Ltd, Mumbai Chloroform -GPR Fisher Scientific, UK Dichloromethane - GPR Alpha Chimie Industry (ACI), Tunisie Dichloromethane HPLC grade Merck Millipore, France Diphenylamine Sigma

two substances, one always reduces and another one oxides known as a redox reaction. An example of this is H_2+F_2→2HF Neutralization reactions Neutralization reactions involve the reaction of a base and an acid to produce a salt and water. An example of this is HBr+KOH→Kbr+H_2 O acid+base→salt+water For the following chemical reaction: C_6 H_12 O_6+6O_2→6CO_2+6H_2 O+energy Identify The substance(s) being oxidized. A: Glucose is oxidized, as we can see there is no longer any H attached

Aniline 93.1 10 0.107 Yes Ethanoic anhydride 102.1 12 0.118 No Glacial ethanoic acid 60.1 25 0.416 No No. moles produced by aniline = 0.107 moles Theoretical mass of N-phenylethanamide = n*MR = 0.107 × 135 = 14.44g Percentage yield = actual yield (g)/theoretical yield (g) × 100 = (11.9/14.44) × 100 = 82% For preparation

scientists use to find traces of semen to identify a male’s identity. The Acid Phosphatase Color Test is widely regarded as the most effective way to both locate and characterize a seminal stain. Acid Phosphatase is an enzyme found in seminal fluid. It comes from the prostate gland (Johnson 2009). Typically, the more Prostatic Acid Phosphatase found in a sample of semen is a sign of prostate cancer. This is important because the Acid Phosphatase Color Test was once used to determine of a male had prostate

2-marcaptobenzothiazole oxidized to its disulfide derivative in presence of potassium dichromate in acetic acid. Jacobson and Frankenbacher further reported synthesis and cyclization of

Introduction The section should be discussing the theory behind the reaction. The theory needs to be discussed using scientific language and should address the purpose of the experiment. The whole section should be approximately one, grammatically correct paragraph. Moreover, this section should be original and not copied from the lab procedure. Please focus on the chemistry behind the reaction and discuss what steps are happening in the reaction or why the technique is important. Thin-layer chromatography

Chitosan is a biodegradable material whose characteristics and several applications in the biomaterials field can be found in more detail in section 2.2.1.1 of Chapter 1. In Chapter 5, we used water soluble chitosan (with the commercial name PROTASAN UP CL 213) as received from the supplier (Novamatrix, Norway). PROTASAN UP CL 213 is based on a chitosan with 75-90% of deacetylation. It is in the form of a cationic polymer with a highly purified and well-characterized water-soluble chloride salt.

About 90 years ago, six-membered heterocyclic thiadiazin was first reported in 1924 by P. K. Bose. For this class of compounds, six isomers have been suggested that among them the highest proportion of research has been allocated to 1,3,4-thiadiazin. For this compound can be assumed three tautomeric forms of which 6H is the most stable type. Thiadiazins received much more attention by discovery of a wide range of biological activity for them. 1,3,4-thiadiazin and its derivatives has reported several