Avignon Papacy

An example, is when Gregory VII excommunicated Emperor Henry IV and he was only absolved by spending three days and nights prostrate outside the papal castle. A great wound to the Vatican that was self-inflicted was when Pope Clement V moved the papacy to France where it remained for nearly sixty years before Pope Gregory XI returned it to Rome. This altercation led to a problem, for the next nearly forty years, there were two Vicars of Christ, one in Rome and an antipope in France. As earlier

Were Major Social/Religious Changes Influenced by the Black Death? In the Later Middle Ages, from 1300 to 1450, a plague is seen spreading and killing mass amounts of people in Europe, this plague would later be named the Black Death. Starting in China in 1331 and then spreading to Europe by cargo ships in 1347. During the Later Middle Ages the climate also changed, dropping temperatures, killing crops, and freezing water supplies. During this period there were also multiple crisis that began

Gregory XI, Catherine of Siena uses her status as a nun to influence the main political and religious issue of that time. She wrote to Pope Gregory XI urging him to relocate the religious capital from Avignon back to its original location in Rome. Previously, Pope Clement V had relocated the capital to Avignon for secular reason. After the relocation, the succeeding popes

Intro, The French society of the 14th Century was very hierarchal and had a strict structure of people at the top, the Royal House of Capet/ Valois, and the peasants at the bottom, this is called Feudalism. Religion was a big part of society in the 14th Century and really until the French Revolution, France was a very strong Catholic nation. France’s like most of Europe at the time had a very agricultural economy. “The 14th Century was a time of turmoil, diminished expectations, loss of confidence

settlement in Avignon in southwestern France first signified the Pope’s leadership and authority had been weakened. Furthermore, after Gregory XI’s death, Urban VI (1378-1389) had been planning on church reform, but his endorsement of opposition among the hierarchy had triggered a serious of disaster. As a result, Cardinal Robert of Geneva was elected to be Pope and took the name Clement VII. The situation became two popes in office: Urban at Rome and the anti-pope Clement VII at Avignon, hence marked

The Hundred Years War, which took place from 1337-1453, played a significant role in the history of Christendom and a major impact on the balance of power in Europe at that time. The Hundred Years War began over a dispute following the coronation of Edward III at the young age of 14. King Phillip VI of France claimed rights to the throne of England and Scotland using an ancient law of the Franks to justify his claim. This dispute was brought to the forefront after Phillips request to begin a crusade

John Lewis is a chain of upmarket department stores operating all over Great Britain, it’s owned by the John Lewis partnership which was founded in 1864, by John Lewis and headquarters in London and with annual revenue of 4.06 billion GBP, John Lewis department stores are doing very well at the moment, with sales figures rising strongly. Whilst retailers elsewhere are struggling, several commentators have been going beyond the marketing factors, behind their success, instead paying closer attention

Have you been your true, happy self lately? Finding happiness is one of the most challenging things to do, and just saying that you are happy can be a total lie. Happiness is something you have to find, and it will eventually some to you even if you aren’t in search of happiness. I agree with John Stuart Mill because he states that you can achieve happiness if you do what you love, and to just let happiness come to you rather than chasing it. John Stuart Mill was an English philosopher, political

enthusiastic supporter of the Church  Council of Lyons (1274) declared a reunion of the Eastern Church with Rome after the pope sent forces to defend the Byzantine Empire against the Turks (the reunion only lasted seven years) • The Thirteenth-Century Papacy o Pope Innocent III (r. 1198-1216) and the height of papal power  Innocent enacted the doctrine of plentitude of power which enabled him to: • declare saints • dispose benefices • create a centralized papal monarchy

The Avignon cardinals did the same when Pope Clement died, when they elected Benedict XIII. Trying to find a solution the University of Paris suggested that the two Popes should resign with judgment by a summoning of a general council. Pope Boniface IX died and another Roman Pope was elected, Innocent VII, and after him Gregory XII, both who promised to resign simultaneously with the French Pope but they never went through with it. Eventually cardinals from both Rome and Avignon abandoned