Avignon Papacy

Anything lead by man will inevitably corrupt itself. This is a fact that is seen throughout all of history, as anything created by man will eventually fail. Even the great Roman Empire eventually fell. However, often in the fall many new perceptions and morals are born. In the same way fires consume spruce trees to pop open seeds so the spruce trees may live on in their saplings, history has a tendency to reinvent major societal trends when the society begins to see problems in itself. This causes

is important to note that although Italy had become independent, the Church still remained powerful and religion continued to be a governing factor. But, pre humanists began to question the teachings of the church and the corruption evident in the Papacy. Many pre Renaissance and Renaissance individuals felt torn between the pious teachings of the church and the earthly pleasures which wealth and independence brought. Until this point, education was scarce and only monastic schools existed, mainly

The Basilica grew precipitously and quickly became the finest of Christian churches.[xiii]? Thousands of pilgrims flocked to the original Saint Peter?s Basilica.[xiv]? Owing partially to the fact that the Pope had taken up permanent residence at Avignon, France by the fifteenth century the Basilica had fallen into alarming disrepair, and plans were made for a new Saint Peter?s.[xv] b.The Current Saint Peter?s Basilica Pope Nicholas V, a faithful Humanist, conceived of a new Basilica.[xvi]

Regine Jackson AP European History A World Lit Only by Fire Reading Guide Part One: The Medieval Mind 1. I know both the Middle Ages and Renaissance took place in Europe. The Middle Ages were terrible times marked by plagues, primitive agricultural machinery, war and lack of proper sanitation. The Renaissance occurred later in Europe, and that was marked by the rebirth of interest in art and intellectual capability. Art usually intertwined religion. 2. Manchester supported using the term “ Dark

Michael Wall AP European History Chapter 10 Outline: Renaissance and Discovery : The Renaissance in Italy Some Scholars agree that the Renaissance (1375-1527)was a transition from medieval to the dawn of modern times Different from the feudal differences of medieval times, Renaissance Europe was shaped by growing national and political centralization, an urban economy based on organized commerce and capitalism, and growing lay control of secular thought and cultureThe Italian City State 2. Growth

The Knights Templar, a military order of monks answerable only to the Pope himself, were founded in 1118. Their primary responsibility, at least initially, was to provide protection to Christians making pilgrimages to the Holy Land. They rose in power, both religious and secular, to become one of the richest and most powerful entities in Christendom. By the time of their disbandment in 1307, this highly secretive organization controlled vast wealth, a fleet of merchant ships, and castles and estates

Mr. Dunbar AP European History Chapter 10 Outline: Renaissance and Discovery Section One: The Renaissance in Italy * Section Overview * Jacob Burckhardt, a Swiss historian, described the Renaissance as the “prototype of the modern world” in his book Civilization of the Renaissance in Italy (1860) * In Italy blossomed new secular and scientific views * People became to approach the world empirically and draw rational conclusions based on observation

in England and France. IV. The decline of the church's prestige A. The Babylonian Captivity (1309-1377) 1. The pope had lived at Avignon since the reign of King Philip the Fair of France and thus was subject to French control. a. The Babylonian Captivity badly damaged papal prestige. b. It left Rome poverty stricken. 2. Pope Gregory XI brought the papacy back to Rome in 1377, but then Urban VI alienated the church hierarchy in his zeal to reform the church. 3. A new pope, Clement VII

A World Lit Only by Fire by William Manchester Outline The Medieval Mind I. The Dark Ages A. The Years A.D. 400 to A.D. 1000 1. Referred to as the Dark Ages because knowledge and literacy vanished during this era. 2. Rulers during this age were illiterate and most found it trivial. a. Emperor Sigismund said, “Ego sum rex Romanus et super grammatica”—as king of Rome, he was above grammar. B. Rome’s Fall in the Fifth Century 1. The Hsiung-nu (Huns) ravaged though Europe