Enzyme catalysis

Introduction: Most biological reactions require catalysts such as enzymes to accelerate the rate of the product formation. Enzymes are proteins that have highly specific and complex structures that enable them to catalyze reactions in a highly effective and regulated manner. One of the most important biological catalysts is β-galactosidase. β-galactosidase is essential in the breakdown of the substrate lactose. Lactose is a disaccharide found in milk. β-galactosidase catalyzes this catabolic reaction

Introduction: The motive of this lab is to attain a better understanding of enzyme activity by timing chemical reactions in certain temperatures and pH levels. Enzymes act as catalysts that help speed up reactions. Without these enzymes chemical reactions in metabolism would be backed up. There are two factors that affect an enzyme’s reaction rate: temperature and pH levels. In this label we will be testing different pH levels and temperatures to see which ones cause the most reactions. Our team

first? Yes, my initial hypothesis was supported. I thought the test tube with the highest concentration amylase would convert first and it did. B. What have you learned from this experiment? I learned that the higher the concentration of amylase enzyme the faster the starch will convert to sugar. However, I learned that in time the test tubes would change due to the amylase in many different ways. Meaning, the quickness is not the only thing that affects the change of starch to sugar. C. What

and what’s stated in my hypothesis, it is appropriate to indicate that a pattern occurs between the temperature increasing to its optimum at 37°C (+/- 1 °C), followed by a decline of the catalase enzyme rate of activity at 55°C (+/- 1 °C). This was due to the fact that as the temperature of the enzyme was increased,

Enzymes play a critical role in metabolic processes by speeding up chemical reactions. Enzymes lower energy barriers by acting as a catalyst for a reaction. An example is hydrolysis that occurs in glucose. Without enzymes glucose will still hydrolyze, but at a slow rate. With the right enzyme hydrolysis will occur even more rapidly than before. Enzymes work by having a substrates enter their active site. Induce fit (the substrates forms weak bonds with the enzyme causing the enzymes shape to enfold

between the amount of substrate and the amount of enzyme in a reaction. In our experiment the reaction rate did not increase, it decreased. Because we reduced the amount of substrate in each mixture but kept the amount of enzyme the same the enzyme cannot react with what is not there. The Yeast (enzyme) was the catalyst in the experiment, and not having the same amount of substrate did not cause the 5 reaction to take place faster, it caused the enzyme to not be used. This is why the reaction rate of

Subjects performed an experiment to investigate the effects of fluid ingestion on kidney function, in which they measured with the kidney output. Before beginning the experiment, each subject was to take a sample collection and that was Sample 1. Once returned to class, the subjects recorded the time of urination and began to do the investigation. In order to begin the investigation, subjects drank one of the four fluids, and measured the effect it had on the urine output. The four fluids were bottled

In this lab we used catalase (enzyme), and this enzyme was a catalyst used to breakdown the hydrogen peroxide. An enzyme will bind with a substrate, then form an enzyme substrate complex, and then the new products then leave the enzyme. The enzyme binds with the substrate in the active site. The active site is where enzymes act. Enzymes do not undergo permeant changes during the reaction, (ch302). The catalyst is not part of the reactant, instead it is added to the reactant to speed up the reaction

Very hot environments can influence a variety of different bacteria in a variety of different ways. Food preservation is an example of a hot environment because it is the canned goods that go through this process so that they stay good until opened to consume (Tortora, Funke & Case, 2015). A hot environment is also used to sterilize a variety of different things such as the use of laboratory media, glassware, and hospital instruments (Tortora, Funke & Case, 2015). Within these two environments

six 16 x 150 mm test tubes were chosen, three marked “enzyme” and three marked “substrate.” For the baseline test using a 10 mL syringe and two 5 mL syringes, 7 mL of distilled water, 0.2 mL of a 0.3% guaiacol solution, and 0.3 mL of 0.1% hydrogen peroxide were added to the first substrate tube, containing a total volume of 7.5 mL. The baseline substrate test tube was then covered with a piece of Parafilm and gently mixed. To the baseline enzyme test tube, 1.5 mL of the standard 25g/400 mL concentration