Leptin

disorder in which the genes on chromosome 15 are either unexpressed or deleted. LEPTIN FUNCTION AND

of the TCF7L2and serum leptin and ghrelin level, in control and T2D subjects. It is important to consider that TCF7L2 is expressed in different tissues, having important roles in glucose metabolism such as gut, brain, liver, skeletal muscle, fat, and bones )24(. The recent researches also have shown that leptin and ghrelin plays an important role in maintaining the energy balance of the organism

Leptin is a hormone that is produced by the body’s fat cells. It is called the “satiety hormone”. The target cells of Leptin are found in the hypothalamus. The main function of leptin is to tell the brain that there is enough fat in our body so that we lose appetite. When the amount of fat decreases, the level of plasma leptin falls so that appetite is stimulated until the fat mass is recovered. And when fat mass increases, so do leptin levels and appetite is suppressed

1994). Leptin is secreted primarily by adipocytes, proportionally to fat cell mass, and contributes to energy metabolism. Leptin will affect the energy balance by acting on the brain. Leptin can activate, directly or indirectly, specific centers in the hypothalamus to decrease food intake, to increase any energy expenditure, to influence the glucose, lipid metabolism, and alter neuroendocrine function (Campfield, Smith et al. 1995). Leptin resistance, in regards to obesity

influence. Recently much attention has been directed at the OB protein, or leptin, pathway due to its apparent influence on obesity-related components. Under the current context, leptin’s most important biological role is as an indicator of appetite satiety (Campfield et al. 1996). Generally, leptin levels have been found to increase with food intake and decrease with hunger (Coll et al. 2007). In normal function, leptin circulates in the bloodstream, and appropriately, OB-R receptors have been found

being hungry or satisfied. The two primary hormones are ghrelin, the natural appetite stimulating hormone, and leptin, the natural appetite suppressing hormone. Ghrelin is a hormone produced in the stomach that tells your brain when you are hungry, therefore stimulating your appetite. It has also been found to slow your metabolism and decrease your ability to burn fat. The hormone leptin is produced in adipose tissue. It does the opposite job; it tells your brain when you are full or satisfied

Elmquist and Jeffery Flier. This essay will attempt to explain this article and summarize its key points. Synopsis Elmquist & Flier (2004) investigated some recently discovered literature about the hormone leptin. This article attempted to synthesize some new documented research about how leptin contributes to the activity within the central nervous system. The purpose of this article is to identify the importance of this newly synthesized information and lead it to new discoveries by promoting several

especially in young children. Childhood obesity is a multifaceted disorder that has an array of causes from genetic to environmental factors. Genetic disorders and syndromes, which would be classified as nature, include Cohen Syndrome, Ayazi Syndrome, Leptin Deficiency, Proopiomelanocortin Deficiency, and Growth Hormone Deficiency. On the other side of the spectrum there are environmental issues, or nurture issues, which include an unbalanced diet, socioeconomic factors, and physical activity. It is important

increases leptin release (Bray et al, 2004). Leptin is a hormone that is produced by adipocytes (fat cells) that regulate satiety by a negative feedback loop between adipose tissue and the hypothalamus. It basically lets the central nervous system (CNS) know the amount of energy stored in its cells so it can tell you whether you need food or not- aka if you are hungry (Bouchard and Katzmarzyk, 2010). So, since the presence of glucose raised insulin levels, which in turn raised leptin levels, adipose

The brain is an amazing thing. It is the control tower of the human body, controlling everything from our thoughts to our actions to keeping us breathing and everything in-between. Scientists and researchers are always learning new and interesting things about the human brain. Consider these three recent Brain News studies: Is Obesity Hardwired in the Brain? According to a recent study, for some people who are obese, the problem may have arisen in their brains. The study, conducted by researchers