Magma

and moving. That is why I believe in 1 million years that South America and Africa will be far, far apart. I know this because of plate movement. In the Geochronology map it shows that when plates spread a part which is a divergent boundary, then as magma heats and cools, new sea floor is created and the old sea is pushed out with the continents. This shows that the plates will keep spreading and causing the new ocean floor to be their and the more the plates spread the more the continents spread then

The worst volcano known to man A volcano is defined as a mountain or hill that usually has a cup like crater at the summit. A volcano can be compared to a vent in the earths crust through which lava, ashes and steam are expelled (Volcano, n.d.). There are three main types of volcanoes that scientist have discovered active, dormant, and extinct (howstuffworks.com). Active volcanoes are the ones which have erupted recently, or are expected to blow soon (howstuffworks.com). For example Kilauea volcano

unique to just the Galapagos. However, the unusual part of these calderas is their size, especially compared to their relation to the size of the volcano. Calderas form after a collapse of a magma chamber located under the surface. The magma in these chambers give support to the volcano, but after the magma withdraws, the surrounding rock becomes unsupported and cannot bear the weight above them, and therefore they collapse. These calderas do not form in just one collapse; they slowly grow after

of the United States. Yes, Yellowstone National Park sits on top of a giant volcanic caldera. A cap made of earth that shields a huge reservoir of liquid rock. Now, the floor of the caldera is in fact rising, and earthquakes in the region suggest magma movement beneath the park. Despite your initial nail biting thoughts, this is actually normal. However, Yellowstone being a super-volcano has many worried of the devastation it can bring. The defining points that make a Super-volcano is an eruption

several types of volcanoes, lava also forms a wide variety of rocks, known as igneous rocks. Different types of lava or magma cool in different locations, creating rocks that range from lightweight pumice and glassy obsidian to rough granite. In the igneous rocks lab, we learned how the crystals that form as magma cools lead to the creation of rocks such as these. The longer magma or lava takes to cool, the more crystals it develops, and the more coarse-grained it becomes. Granite, for example, has

coming out of the magma, and the chances of an earthquake to happen. There are basically two types of volcanos: the active and the inactive ones. And just like in the movies, once the volcano erupts, its lava melts everything

How hot is lava? Lava is the melted rock that comes out of a volcano; lava can flow at temperatures of thousands of degrees Fahrenheit: with the highest of 2,120 F, according to USGS. Normal lava temperature is in range from 1,165 F to 1,600 F. Lava that’s on the cool side that comes out of volcanoes at only temperatures of 570 F. What makes lava? Lava is clearly melted rock, crystals, volcanic glass, and bubbles. Chemically lava is made of the elements silicon, oxygen, aluminum, iron, magnesium

degree of crustal assimilation has had an impact on the evolution of magmas in the volcanic complex. The evidence for this is the high δ^18O observed in fresh non-glassy rock units. Taylor and Sheppard (1986) argue that the differences in characteristics among rock units of the complex cannot be explained by the closed system fractionalization of an unaltered mantle melt. The concentrations of the oxygen isotopes suggest that the magmas that formed these igneous rocks have undergone some contamination

poorly consolidated, air-fall vitric lapilli tuff, which overlies a zone of reworked tephra. Perlitic obsidian in the reworked zone probably represents the remains of a dome which filled the eruptive vent and is chemically related to the Bend pumice magma. Detailed grain size analysis of the air-fall part of the Bend pumice shows that the eruptive vent was located approximately 10-20 km west of Bend, Oregon. Grain size variations in vertical section are probably related to fluctuations in the diameter

Volcanoes are some of the most powerful natural forces known to man. Volcanoes usually form at divergent and convergent boundaries. Sometimes they form in the middle of plates where magma fights through the crust. By understanding volcanoes, scientists get a window to the inside of the Earth. They can also study volcanoes to perhaps get closer to predicting eruptions in the future. One of Earth’s volcanoes is Clear Lake. Clear Lake has unique characteristics such as its location, how it forms, and