Molecular mechanics

Explain how comparison of the primary structure of a protein from different organisms can be used to deduce the evolutionary relationships between them (18.44). Protein coding genes, which represent just 1% of the genomic sequence, contain most of the known DNA sequence variants that have been linked to disease (Kumar, Dudley, Filipski, and Liu, 2011). Many of these variants occur in non-coding sequence, but an estimated 6,000 to 10,000 variants alter protein sequence and more than a thousand

Example 1: Genetically engineering fish to have fluorescent 'glows' One of the most disturbing scientific findings of recent years was the extent of the influence upon the endocrine system of various common chemicals, industrial products, and common pharmaceuticals such as birth control pills. To track the presence of endocrine disruptors within the bodies of fish, which have been shown to be particularly vulnerable to the changes caused by such products in the environment, scientists genetically-engineered

Nanodiscs modulates A1-40 fibrillation Biological membranes were shown to modulate the A1-40 aggregation and pathways depending on their physical and chemical properties. Here, we observed the effect of membrane variable nanodiscs in modulating the kinetics of A1-40 using ThT fluorescence dye. The formation of nanodiscs with different lipid compositions were achieved by varying the lipid to PMA concentration (see methods). The DLS measurements ensures a hydrodynamic diameter ranging from ~ 7

The FIT-DNA (cologuard) is the last stool test that is available for colorectal testing. The FIT DNA test combines the FIT with a test that detects altered DNA in the stool (CDC, 2017). The FIT test requires the entire stool sample to be sent to the lab for testing. No cards or poking the stool are required, only the stool sample itself. The cologuard test can be done in the privacy of your home and does not require a bowel prep, diet changes or time off from work (Exact Sciences, 2017) The FIT-DNA

Bioterrorism and White Powder Introduction During its 2002 symposium on the future of public health, the Harvard School of Public Health recalled several incidents that show anthrax to be a genuine bioterrorism threat: 1979 incidents of inhalation of anthrax in Sverdlovsk (Hamburg, et al., 2002, p. 131); the deliberate release of anthrax only weeks after the 9/11 terrorist attacks (Hamburg, et al., 2002, p. 124); additional incidents of anthrax being deliberately released in 2001 (Hamburg, et

beads to remove any unwanted ligated products. The universal and indexed sequences were amplified by PCR using adaptor-ligated DNA fragments, NEBNext High Fidelity 2X PCR Master Mix, index primers provided in NEBNext Multiplex Oligos for Illumina, and Universal PCR Primers provided in NEBNext Multiplex Oligos for Illumina. Once the PCR was done, the adaptor-ligated DNA was cleaned up using AMPure XP beads to remove any unwanted products. Figure 3: Pre-Sequencing Sample Preparation. Samples were

In the current study domain III of PE was deleted and replaced by STXA, by the recombinant DNA technology. STXA was transferred across the cell membrane using domain IIof PE. This domain facilitates the internalization of extracellular compounds into the cytosol, and can translocate heterologous molecules into the target cells(15). Then PE II and STX are connected to fragment variable (Fv) domains of herceptin and create a (single chain) scFv immunotoxin(16). Material and Method 1.1. Material and

File #1 (Hair) Link: http://www.exploreforensics.co.uk/forensic-cases-murder-leanne-tiernan.html Suspect(s): John Taylor Victim(s): Leanne Tiernan How hair was used to solve the case: In Tiernan’s scarf, many hairs were found. although having insufficient root DNA, “The scientists found very small amounts of DNA in the hair shaft and used mitochondrial DNA testing to match it to John Taylor.” File #2 (Hair) Link: http://losangeles.cbslocal.com/2010/08/31/1977-cold-case-murder-solved-by-a-hair/amp/

Forensic science has long been uncharted territory for black students in the United States. Southern University at New Orleans (SUNO) may change that trend, thanks to its infant Forensic Science program and its recently completed Forensic Science Laboratory. The new program and lab are attracting more students to the university and are igniting a love for science. image1 Biology professor Dr. Christian Clement and student Diaminika Moss tour the new SUNO Forensic Science Lab. (Credit: SUNO) SUNO

The researchers were tasked to investigate phenotypic changes in Paramecia. Paramecia are single celled organisms that have appendages attached to their bodies called cilia. The cilia help by allowing a Paramecium to move away from toxins, and towards a food source. The cilia are important because their water environment lacks movement. In the lab, the Paramecia were grown in flask that contained the wheat media, and the bacteria, Klebsilla pneunomiae, was inoculated into the flask. The wheat media