Optical coherence tomography

doctor to see the presence of bleeding or leaking blood vessels at the back of the eye. The final eye exam that doctors may perform in their quest to rule out macular degeneration, is the optical coherence tomography. Kierstan Boyd explains the working of this exam in her article “What is Optical coherence tomography?” as “a non-invasive imaging test that uses light waves to take cross-section pictures of your retina...” (Boyd, K., Oct, 2015). This exam takes scans of the retina and gauges the thickness

nerve transmission occur.’ (14) This is a way of measuring where the demyelination has occurred. A physician will generally perform an eye examination especially if the patients is suffering from balance difficulties or eye strain. (14) ‘Optical coherence tomography (OCT)

One of the risk factors that are important in developing systemic and ocular vascular diseases is cigarette smoking1. It is known that smoking is especially associated with anatomical alterations of the arterial system including an increase in arterial wall thickness and atherosclerosis, both in the microvasculary and macrovasculary structures2,3. Although the exact pathogenesis is not identified yet, it is known that smoking can cause a decrease in the retinal blood flow4–6. smoking may affect

Astrocytic hamartomas are an abnormal proliferation of the macroglial astrocytic cells of the retinal nerve fiber layer and are considered benign lesions1. They can be located anywhere within the retina, however are often found at the optic nerve head2. Retinal astrocytic hamartomas are associated with a variety of diseases, but may also be singular and idiopathic. The age of onset plays a crucial role in differentiating the lesions and the course of treatment following diagnosis. Visual symptoms

Patients with age-related macular degeneration may not notice any symptoms at first. The first noticeable sign is a gradual, or sudden, change in the quality of vision depending on which type of AMD is occurring. Straight lines will start to appear distorted (Kozarsky, 2017). Early dry AMD is diagnosed by the presence of drusen. This gradually can cause a dramatic loss of the center of vision. In the intermediate stage of AMD, the beginnings of vision loss are apparent, but there still may not be

the astrocytes which can lead to demyelination. This attack results in damage to the nerves and tissues, specifically targeting myelin. It is usually diagnosed based on a physical examination. Magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, and optical coherence tomography are specific imaging and laboratory tests used in diagnosis. Blood tests and examination of the cerebrospinal fluid are also other potential types of diagnosing

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All patients were diagnosed with a stage 2, 3, or 4 idiopathic MH according to the Gass classification system(17) and underwent a comprehensive ophthalmologic examination before and 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively, including measurement of the best-corrected VA (BCVA), binocular indirect ophthalmoscopy, and non-contact lens slit-lamp biomicroscopy. The SD-OCT examination also was performed in all patients on the same day as the clinical examination. Standard 3-port pars plana vitrectomy for

Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP), also known as rod cone dystrophy, is a rare genetic disease that affects the retinas in the eyes. In the United States, it affects 1 in 4,000 people making it the most common inherited retina disease (Nash, et al., 2015). This disease usually leads to blindness because of the deterioration of the light-sensing cells in the retina. Within the retina, there are cells called rods and cones. For people who have RP, the rods, which are responsible for night and peripheral vision

INTRODUCTION Genetic susceptibility and certain anatomical features of the eye are known to be major risk factors for primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG),1-6 a form of glaucoma that can lead to rapid vision loss and demands immediate medical attention. PACG is a significant cause of irreversible blindness, yet it remains poorly detected. It affects Asian populations disproportionately,7 a densely populated region that accounted for 76.7% of worldwide PACG cases in 2013 with an estimated percentage