Y chromosome

INTRODUCTION: The Sex chromosome(X and Y) originates from a pair of autosomes (H.J. Muller, 1914) about 350million years ago in reptile-like ancestors (Charlesworth, 1991; Graves, 1995). Environmental factor like temperature determines sex in some species e.g. crocodiles and turtles (Bull et al, 1975). In humans, there are 22 pairs of chromosomes called the Autosomes and one pair of sex chromosome (X-Y) which makes a total of 23pairs of chromosomes. These 23pairs (46) chromosomes are contributed by

within mammals, the sex is immediately determined. Each parent will contribute one or more chromosomes during the fertilization process, depending on the species. In the male heterogametic (XY) system, the absence of the Y chromosome results in a female offspring and the presence of the Y chromosome results in a male. The evolution of the sex determination system consists of the rise and development of sex chromosomes and concurrently the emergence and evolution of genes that guarantee the formation of

Clearly the choo-choo was chugging faster now — so I scrolled down for backup. My mom? God, no…this would just be confirmation that the Y chromosome should be erased from humanity. My sister? Not much better. Still, it was someone. Mercifully, Hester answered, even though I knew she was at work. "Hester? Got a minute?" "Hey, birthday girl! What's up?" My sister's voice, always on the loud side, boomed out of my phone, and I held it away from my ear. "Hester," I bleated

Criminality has been sociologically defined as a form of deviant behavior from the norm and the acceptable rules of society. A more generic definition of criminality is a behavioral predisposition that disproportionately favors criminal activity. It is based on the premise that the act or acts committed by an individual violates the natural rights that are given to the person by birth and or by right. The statement “Are criminals born, or made?” is wide reaching and still the subject of many debates

females have different levels of X and Y chromosomes. Many areas of men’s brains are “rich in proteins that are coded directly by the Y chromosome. Those proteins are absent in women’s brain tissue”. (Sax 14) In women the “tissue is rich in material coded directly by the X chromosome; these particular transcripts of the X chromosome are absent from men’s brain tissue”. (Sax 14-15) Having scientific data that shows the differences between the X and Y chromosomes in men and women allow people to see

factors, idealizing the concept that criminals cannot help but be criminals due to genetic predispositions (Livesey 4). Three major theories have emerged from the biological perspective: Lombroso’s Theory, Sheldon’s Theory of Body Types, and the Y Chromosome Theory. First, Lombroso’s Theory stems from the mid 1800s, a time when individuals traditionally believed, “crime was a characteristic of human nature (Crossman 2014).” This theory, produced by Italian criminologist Cesare Lombroso, concludes that

Are Criminals Born or Made? Criminals are born not made. The basic definition of the word criminal is someone who commits offending behavior within society (Harrower, 2001). The crime may range from petty theft to murder. Criminals are born not made is the discussion of this essay, it will explore the theories that attempt to explain criminal behavior. Psychologists have come up with various theories and reasons as to why individuals commit crimes. These theories represent part of the classic

Jeffrey Dahmer, otherwise known as the Milwaukee Monster, had started off with a psychotic childhood. Jeffrey didn’t take interest in things normal kids did. He was fascinated by the dead. He collected animal and insect remains. Once Jeffrey crossed a dog who was killed at the road, he “dismembered it, then cut the head off and impaled it on a stick near his house” There was a part of nurture that turned him into who he was, however. When Jefrrey was struggling with his sexual identity and his lust

Caster Semenya: Redefining the new normal Medicine has always been a helpful tool for mankind when facing troubles such as epidemics and illness; hand-to-hand with scientific research, the field is in constant change and new innovations are being made every day. Nevertheless, it has also been target of multiple criticisms and controversies in terms of ethics, with topics like animal experimentation or assisted death. One of those controversial topics is gender identification, affecting elite athletes

Criminals are born not made. The basic definition of the word criminal is someone who commits offending behaviour within society (Harrower, 2001). The crime may range from petty theft to murder. Criminals are born not made is the discussion of this essay, it will explore the theories that attempt to explain criminal behaviour. Psychologists have come up with various theories and reasons as to why individuals commit crimes. These theories represent part of the classic psychological debate, nature