“The stellar universe is not as difficult of comprehension as the real actions of other people”.
Marcel Proust
Management is the act of getting things done and organisations behaviour is a field of study which studies the impact that individuals, groups and structure have on behaviour within organisations.
This research report encapsulates the concepts about leadership, behavioural theories, their effectiveness. It will also discuss organisational structures and their impact and effectiveness within an organisation.
Culture shapes an organisation .the report will also include the different types of cultures and how they develop an organisation’s effectiveness.
The core of the research is the study of nestle being the largest and global food and beverage retailer based in Switzerland.an evaluation of the decision making acts and culture of nestle has been done to see how effective they prove for nestle global.
ACTIVITY 1
What is Leadership?
Leadership may be considered as the process (act) of influencing the activities of an organized group in its efforts toward goal setting and goal achievement. (Stogdill, 1950: 3)
Leaders set a direction for us all by giving a vision .leaders inspire and encourage. Without leaderships a group of individuals would degenerates into argument and conflict, because we see things in different ways and lean towards different solutions. Leadership helps to point us in the same direction and harness our efforts jointly. (Mills, 2005)
Leadership is that process in which one person sets the purpose or direction for one or more other persons and gets them to move along together with him or her and with each other in that direction with competence and full commitment (Elliott, 2009). Leadership is supposed to guide people to attain a particular set vision. Motivation is fundamental in the process of leadership as if there is no motivation there will be laxity among the people involved. It is also a critical scenario for leadership to have followers; this will infer a relationship between leaders and followers (Frank, 2003).
Leadership is the process of influencing individuals or a group of individuals by providing purpose, direction with the support of others, and motivating those individuals with the purpose of accomplishing a certain obligation which is helpful to all individual that is involved.
Leadership will help people to develop the ability to work as a team or group to achieve the common goals. It helps people to cultivate the good qualities to become a excellent leader.
All Organisations posses a distinct form of culture with some having more than a single culture. This culture is usually very difficult to measure, change and most especially change.
Leadership entails guiding others to realize particular goals using a variety of skills (Sullivan & Garland, 2011); Weihrich & Koontz, 2008). Likewise, Spector (2006) defined leadership as the art of influencing others to readily and actively endeavour towards achieving goals set by the team. Additionally, Spector (2006) emphasized that there is a shared theme that leadership comprises influencing individual belief systems, behaviours and feelings. As such, the smooth running of an organization requires effective leadership.
Classical organisational theorist defined leadership in terms of achieving a group’s objectives R.C Davies (1942) referred to leadership as “the principle dynamic forces that motivates and coordinates the organisation in the accomplishment of its objectives.” Similarly, Urwick (1953) stated that the leader is “the personification of common purpose not only to all who work under taking, but to everyone outside it.” K. Davies (1962) defined leadership as “the human factor which binds a group together and motivates it towards goals.” Cattell (1951) took the extreme position that leadership is whatever or whoever contributes to the group’s performance. To measure each members Leadership, Cattell noted, removed him or her from the group, one at a time, and observe what happens to the group’s performance. Calder (1977) and Pfeffer (1977) “stated that leadership is mainly influence and is even attributed to participants after the fact.
Leadership is a process of influencing activities of a particular group of people with the aim of attaining certain stipulated goals. In defining leadership there is need to consider a particular group, the common goals and the duties that are allocated to specific members of the group depending on their abilities (Fiedler 1976). Leadership therefore cannot successfully occur unless members of the group are given different considerations in terms of personality, traits and responsibilities. In considering leadership, it is important to look at the leader, the group or organization they are leading, the members as individuals and the situation; these are
LEADERSHIP- THE POSITION OR FUNCTION OF A LEADER, A PERSON WHO GUIDES OR DIRECTS A GROUP.
Leadership refers to the art of influencing, guiding and getting others to follow or do things to achieve objectives of an
Leadership has been studied extensively and many varying definitions exist. Hughes, Ginnett and Curphy (2015, p.4) review many of these definitions and consequently describe leadership as ‘the process of influencing an organised group towards its goals’. Leadership involves the interplay of a range of different factors, not least the leader themselves, the followers and the situation. For
Leadership is the activity of driving a gathering or an association to an arrangement of set up objectives. Presently in light of the fact that there is a pioneer doesn't mean a gathering or association is bound to be effective, however they are regularly to be characterized by the capacity of their pioneer.
Leaders impact people's daily lives and futures. In good times and bad, there is always a need for strong leadership. According to Fesler (1960) leadership is a social process, it cannot exist without leader and followers. Leadership is results in followers’ behavior that is goal-directed in some sort of organized setting. In brief, leadership is a process by a person influences others toward the attainment of group or organizational goals. Like the words said by Keith (2003):” Leadership is ultimately about creating a way for people to contribute to making something extraordinary happen”.
Leadership is an approach for a leader to guide, motivate, supervise, manage, and influence others in different situation to reach a goal. According to the Pettinger (2007), the leadership can be explained in several situations. First, the leaders have the responsible to provide vision and direction to the followers. Second, the leaders shall energise and motivate the followers. Third, the leaders shall set and enforce absolute standards of behaviour, attitude, presentation and performance.
In the textbook Leadership is defined as ‘the process of influencing an organized group toward accomplishing its goals’ (Hughes, Ginnet & Curphy 2015, p. 5). Leadership involves leader, followers, and situation.
The article has been focused on Nestlé’s performance for its different kinds of products that have been declined its target profits. Therefore, Nestle has set up a margin goal that will help the world’s largest food package company to regain its expecting profits. It is mentioned in the article that, the company has slowed down its growth in the different marketplace in which some products need to improve its performance according to analysis from various sources, such as RBC analyst James Edwardes Jones, and UBS analyst Pinar Ergun. According to the article, the activist investor Dan Loeb arguing for a change of their investment for Nestle in which the new CEO Mark Schneider must act immediately to fulfill the profit margin