A fresh-water, nitrogen-fixing blue-green alga (cyanobacterium), Scytonema sp. No. 11 (TISTR

A mixed culture of two unknown bacteria was provided by the instructor. The methods used for

In a laboratory setting, it often becomes necessary to identify an unknown organism. In this experiment, researchers classified an unidentified bacterium based on its physical structure, colony morphology, optimal conditions and metabolic properties. A Gram stain using crystal violet, iodine, and safranin and a simple stain using methylene blue characterized the organism’s cell wall. Cultural behavior was classified by inoculating the organism onto nutrient agar and incubating it at 37° C for 48 hours, and observing its behavior, as well as using SIM medium to test for motility. Optimal growth temperature was

In this lab, the organism that we have been working with is the bacterium, Serratia marcescens. S. marcescens is a member of the Enterobacteriaceae family, and tends to grow in damp environments. S. marcescens is an ideal bacterium to work with in the lab because it reproduces quicker than other bacterium. This bacterium produces a special pigment called prodigiosin, which is red in color. The prodigiosin pigment is intensified when S. marcescens is grown at higher densities. During our experiment, temperature, pH, salinity concentration and oxygen requirements were tested on S. marcescens to measure their optimal growth and prodigiosin production.

This experiment can be enhanced in many ways. The amount of alcohol used as treatments could be lessened to measure the viability of A. salina more accurately. The amount of cysts in each Petri dish was not consistent because there

It is a gram-positive soil organism. Arthrobacter sp. will grow and divide in nutrient- rich soil. They are rod- shaped, tan to yellow in color, and smooth and glossy in colonies. Under normal conditions, they can grow rapidly and divide once every 2-3 hours (Poxleitner, M, et al). This bacterium is tolerant to multiple metals and it is extremely resistant to elevated concentrations of chromate It is also used in the number of carbon sources for growth including glucose, fructose, lactate, succinate, malate and hydrocarbons (Nakatsu, C, et al). In the SEA Phage Project, Arthrobacter sp. would be helping to create more bacteriophage to continue on completing the main objective of this

During the purification section of this lab, the LB/amp/ara agar plate was examined for well-isolated green colonies and the LB/amp plate was observed for white colonies with space between each other. These colonies were circled on the outside of the plates using a marker. Next, two 15 milliliter culture tubes containing 2 milliliters of nutrient growth media were obtained and labeled “+” and “-“. Using a new inoculation tube, the circled colonies from each plate were scooped out and immersed in their respective culture tubes. Once the bacteria was mixed into the solution, the tubes were sealed and placed horizontally into the 32⁰ incubator for 24 hours.

Prokaryotes are ubiquitous, successfully adapting to diverse environments as well as developing symbiotic relationships with host organisms (Lengeler, Drews, & Schlegel, 1999). Prokaryotes may have both autotrophic and heterotrophic characteristics. A cyanobacteria is photosynthetic, commonly called blue-green algae, and may produce toxins (Crayton, 1993). Bacteria are most commonly associated in the general

Microorganisms need energy and that is generated through these metabolic activities (Jurtshuk, 1996). Through this experiment, it is shows that all the bacteria experienced different metabolic activities in different mediums.

Figure 2. Sample of bacteria from figure 1 was incubated on a Ormerod’s agar plate in a gas pack for 2.5 weeks to isolate phototrophic bacteria. The isolated colonies seen in this figure, are called Rhodospirillaceae and they are why the colonies are a bright red color. The Rhodospirillaceae use the red pigment to harvest light energy.

11. The research that was conducted on the microbial communities also had a physiological profile done in a period of five days. The metabolic patterns were shown in a fast use of the several carbon sources

Within our oceans, lies an intriguing, vital bacterium. That bacterium is called Prochlorococcus Marinus. P. Marinus is a small cyanobacterium cell. This means that the bacterium is able to thrive on sunlight and produce oxygen as a result. Specifically, these organisms are found within the euphotic zones of tropical oceans. This is how the bacterium is able to access sunlight and carbon dioxide and convert it into oxygen. These organisms are very successful because they are extremophiles. This means that P. marinus can survive in extreme conditions. Generally, Prochlorococcus is found to be within a temperate range of 10-33 °C. Some strains of P. marinus are able to thrive in depths with low light.

The organism studied in these experiments was the Spinacia oleracea that was obtained from a local grocery store in Lincoln Nebraska. One experiment that was conducted was used to determine the rate of oxygen production of Spinacia oleracea in the dark. Another experiment conducted was used to determine the effect of light intensity on the net photosynthetic rate of a Spinacia oleracea. The effect of light wavelength on the net photosynthetic rate of a Spinacia oleracea was also conducted and observed. The last experiment conducted was conducted to identify the pigments in Spinacia oleracea in order to determine its chloroplast chromatography.

Chlorophyll-a is a specific form of Chlorophyll, used in oxygenic photosynthesis. Measurement and determination of this parameter are the basic analysis to evaluate the characteristics of algae blooms in many research works in the world. Unfortunately, Chlorophyll-a represents just the whole quantity of photosynthesis pigment released from all algae and micro-plants present in water, hence it cannot help to distinguish cyanobacteria existence among all living micro plants and algae in the waterbody. To be able to define and confirm the existence of Cyanobacteria species in the composition of aquatic microalgae, another pigment form, Phycocyanin, is used. Phycocyanin is the pigment, which differs cyanobacteria species from another planktonic species, and could give us a real picture of quantity of cyanobacterial genera in the water. Phycocyanin is actually a pigment-protein complex from the light-harvesting phycobiliprotein family, along with allophycocyanin and phycoerythrin. It is considered as an accessory pigment to

Microbial growth can be affected by different environmental factors such as temperature, osmotic pressure, oxygen concentration and pH. Six experiments were carried out in this report testing for microbial growth against different environmental factors. Good aseptic techniques were used to prevent contamination, resulting in a uniform set of results that are in line with the literature.

The present study was conducted to examine the ability of six promising indigenous isolates of marine actinomycetes (NA-1, 2, 3, 4 and TA-1, 2) as probiotics in nature. The actinomycetes isolated from these eco systemsare capable of producing antibiotics that strongly inhibit the growth of gram positive and gramnegative bacteria. A total of 6 isolates representing the range ofmorphological diversity observed from each sample were obtained in pure culture. However ofthe 6, two were found to produce antibiotic substances. NA1 and TA1 exhibited higheractivity and, selected for further studies. The purification and characterization of thesubstances is now in progress.