Adolescents Microsystems

“A child who copes with adversity through the social channel seeks support and control through the structure of his or her relationships. The roles and responsibilities assigned to a child within a social context such as a family or a classroom can increase connections and decrease isolation, as well as restore emotional security and strengthen the child’s sense of well being.”

In the book, Age of Opportunity: Lessons from the New Science of Adolescence, the author, Lawrence Steinberg, starts out the first chapter by explaining how we once thought that the brain was mostly done maturing by adolescence, but with new research we are learning that the brain continues to develop into one’s twenties. He goes on to say that children are hitting puberty earlier in life and placing them “at significantly greater risk for a host of physical, mental, and behavioral problems, including depression, delinquency, and even cancer” (9). The reason why children are going through puberty is based on a mix on environmental and genetic influences. The more nourished and fed you are the higher chance of you going through puberty earlier. Although this was the case in 1850-1950, the continuing decline of age in puberty today, is due to more troubling reasons. The five mains reasons for today is: 1. Obesity 2. Artificial light 3. Endocrine disruptors 4. Premature birth 5. Family stress. Steinberg explains how adolescent is a time of neuroplasticity and the longer period of adolescence can have good consequences or severely negative consequences, depending on if they’re in a stimulating environment or a toxic environment.

(Finnegan et al., 1996) the 'specific linkage theory recommends that there are subjectively formative pathways from avoidant and conflicted connections which relate to unpredictable consequences in adolescents behaviour as a result. This supports the critical and unremitting sense for a need to associate with their care giving figure that allows a young person to distance themselves in order to keep these coping styles in place, as young people start to realise that inner-emotional state do not coincide with the outer expression they chose to give.

They are going through transitions in intellectual development and the process and transition of primary to secondary education.’ There are various intellectual skills that an adolescent will learn within this life stage. When in the adolescent life stage, the emotional development norms for an individual is to learn their personal identity and they must leant about who they are about how to control their emotions within the change of puberty. Low self-esteem and confidence issue is often something most teenagers struggle with. With adolescence secondary learning occurs, a person’s self-worth can change within this life-stage due to the social situations that an individual had to be within, also their use of clothing, language and religion etc. The introduction of hormones can often change how teenagers see themselves. Adolescent’s independence that they go through can affect their social and emotional development.

The organization he works for create access to opportunities for youths at risk {to be precise16-26years}. He extended the opportunities to Boys and Girls club of Columbus of Ohio. The agents of socialization in any society include family, religious organizations, peer groups, media, and schools. The most important factor in these agents of socialization is the family. The family is the nucleus of the society. Most fundamental problems in every society can be traced to broken families. He emphasized that helping a single member of the family may not be transformative. Most youths don’t want to leave their comfort zones to utilize opportunities around

The character that I had chosen to analyze was Ponyboy Curtis in the movie, The Outsiders (Coppola, 1983). I chose this character because the movie revealed how Ponyboy got to where he is mentally and everything that had occurred to get him to that point. I will analyze the adolescent phase of Ponyboy’s life. The theme of The Outsiders is how love can affect the relationships of close friends. The theories and theorists that support my analysis are Erik Erikson’s Psychosocial theory, Albert Bandura’s Observational Learning, Lev Vygotsky’s Sociocultural Perspective and Urie Bronfenbrenner’s Systems theory: Microsystem (Sigelman, 2015). From those theories and theorists the following points will be analyzed: identity, peer pressure, self-worth, and dependence.

Middle childhood is a crucial time when children start to establish their own sense of identity, independence, and start to be more involved in the world beyond their family. When children get older there values and behaviors start to change. Many children try to be individuals, but most of the time it makes them feel vulnerable, so they tend to conform to a group. During middle childhood cognitive changes begin to transform a child’s mind and body therefor having stability at home and in school is crucial. Vygotsky realized “that children learn from one another, their cultures and their teachers (Pg.242) Not having stability from these things will most likely impair a child’s social

Possessing a functional or dysfunctional family is of much importance to a healthy development, helping children through peer pressure, acceptance, and the anxiety of belonging. Yet how important is the environment that a child is raised on, this being shared or non-shared? How difficult or easy can peer pressure be? Will peer pressure help or deter a child from being functional. How much do these factors affect development from childhood to adolescence? This paper will explain the different stages of childhood to adolescence, and how a child and adolescence copes with nature and nurture .

Sigleman & Rider state the interwoven relationships of school and home can be in opposition causing problems from the mesosystem to spill over into the microsystem possibly having long-term effects on functioning (2014. p. 51). The negative impacts that Cheryl felt at school created a difficult relationship with her mother due to the fact Cheryl blamed her for the move. It took her many years to trust people outside of her family and the reservation. The effects Raj will experiences will be prevalent when his children are older, due to the fact he isn’t worried about himself as much as his children and the effect he will have on their exosystem. According to Shaffer & Kipp the Ecological Systems theory considers the many different environments and impact it has on the cognitive, social, and biological difference between children (2014. pg.

What were the Research Questions or Hypotheses in the article? Copy them directly from the article. Then, using YOUR OWN WORDS, briefly paraphrase what these mean. 5 points

Infants and youthful youngsters figure out how to be solid and autonomous through cherishing and secure associations with guardians and carers and other relatives, for example, grandparents. At the point when kids are taken care of outside the home they can create security and freedom through having a key individual to watch over them. Kids' learning is helped when they feel protected and secure and when their folks and the general population in settings they go to cooperate to guarantee that the youngster's needs are met. A key individual, for example, a childminder gives a consoling connection home so youngsters can adapt to being isolated from the uncommon individuals in their lives. Connections are the enthusiastic bonds that are made between

In ecological theory, these systems are nested with the child at the core, embedded within his/her immediate family environment. The system with the closest proximity to the child is the microsystem; this includes the child and family, peers, neighborhood and school. A critical impact on development occurs within the immediate environment of the child due to proximal

In the early stages of a child’s character development, the family is the first social group that the child has. The relationship that is fostered between the family and the child is important, because it is the role of the family that influences the child’s behavior. Although the child may be influenced by the father and siblings, these relationships are looked to second. The child realizes early that the family belongs to him. This leads to jealousy towards other siblings because he may strive to be significant, and establish a position of superiority. Once the child comes to trust the family, it no longer feels threatened. By fostering a good relationship with the family, the child develops trust which leads to the child developing

Children become rule based and listen when spoken to. School plays a large part in this since teacher educate kids to listen, sit down quietly and work in small , in the future will be vital for real life work in adulthood.("Stages of Growth Development," 1898-1987). In this stage of life Piaget’s cognitive theory comes into play. Children in this stage in life are more concrete operational, meaning that they deal with visible, tangible things. They become more systematic. Peer relationships and best friend are crucial at this stage, this helps children have deeper relationships while heading into adolescence and can help determine if they will be able to hold a relationship as adults (Stassen Berger, 2009). Social trend, such as violence, eating disorders and even drug use are seen more readily in ages seven to twelve years old. This increasing pressure in schools to recognize the problem and develop more activities such as sports, music, and social events to help children stay active and away from drug use, this eventually helps in adolescence and young adulthood years.

According to Harre and Lamp (1983), adolescents begin to adapt themselves more complex with family, peers and teachers, through activities daily and social life according to his mood.