Advantages And Disadvantages Of Spectrum Sensing

Cognitive radio network is the network used for wireless communication which uses the spectrum of frequencies. It is an intelligent network in a sense that it can recognize the channels in use or vacant, the ability of this network is that it can shift the data on vacant channel without letting the other busy channel get disturbed. CRN is a technology which works on the spectrum of frequencies, sensing the spectrum of frequencies at receiver’s

Comparative Analysis of Adaptive Threshold Based Spectrum Sensing Techniques in Cognitive Radio Networks Abstract:-In the last two decades, the number of wireless communication users and its applications increasing rapidly. With this rapid growth there exists spectrum scarcity. One of the best solutions to avoid spectrum scarcity is cognitive radio with its dynamic spectrum sensing. Cognitive radio is a promising technology, which is used to sense the unused spectrum in an appropriate manner. Various methods

cognitive radio to take the decision and decide the PU present or not then CRs forward their decisions to common receiver which takes the final decision depending on this information deciding the absence or presence of PU [5]. • Interference Based Sensing This method depends on noise level of licensed user (PU). This information is used to detect the presence of PU by unlicensed user (SU) to decrease the interference as possible [6]. • Non-CooperativeSystem This system depends on two

view, the use of this spectrum by Fixed Services (FS) is being addressed by the ITU- R in its draft report on Fixed Service use trends in WP5C, which is currently under development. In 2001, the federal Communication Commission (FCC) allocated 7 GHz in the 57-64 GHz for unlicensed use. The allotted spectra in different countries are shown in the figure. Figure:1.1 Spectrum Allocated in Different Countries The high frequencies are associated with both advantages and disadvantages. High propagation

Introduction Environmental pollution as a result of man’s increasing activities such as burning of fossil fuels and automobile exhaust emission has increased considerably in the past century due mainly to significant increases in economic activities and industrialization. Burning of fossil fuels and petroleum industry activities have be identified as primary sources of atmospheric metallic burden leading to environmental pollution. In the United States, the burning of fossil fuels to make electricity

PH4604 Topics in Applied Physics: Bioimaging and Sensing Chin Zong Yang U1340544E Fiber Optic Biosensors Abstract: This paper studies the clinical use of fiber optic biosensors, its advantages over traditional means of detection and limitations of this new technology. An in-depth study of its history, how the technology works, and comparisons with older methods of bio-sensing will also be made. Introduction: A biosensor is a device or method that allows a certain specific biological material

Wireless LANs have expanded greatly and rapidly in recent years. The expansio¬¬¬¬¬n has caused many benefits to the end users but at the same time it has introduced problem of overlapping BSS (Basic Service Set) where BSS (i.e. WLAN cells) is fundamental block of IEEE 802.11 WLAN architecture. OBSS occurs due to two or more unrelated BSSs are used at the same place, at the same time and with the same frequency channel. With the expansion of channel bandwidth to 80 MHz (may be, 160 MHz) in upcoming

2. Wireless Ad-Hoc Network 5 3. Current Issues and solution 6 3.1 Key management issue for future 9 4. Advantages, Disadvantages and Applications of WSNs 10 5. Conclusion 11 6. References 12 List of figures Figure 1 Working principle of WSNs 1 Figure 1.3 The Physical Architecture of WSANs 4

In 2016, the majority of networking is done wirelessly. Advancements in technology over the past ten to fifteen years has allowed us to network wirelessly anywhere in the world. There are remote areas in the world that do not allow wireless networking due to resources being unavailable, at least for now. The world of networking is continuously growing. I would predict that with initiatives such as Facebook’s WiFi Drone, WiFi will be available everywhere in the world no matter your location. The

as a bus or metro ticket. 2. Environmental application-: These sensor networks are used in different type of environmental applications. A common example is of ‘Zebra Net’. It is used to track and monitor the movements and interactions of zebras. Advantages of WSN 1. Wireless sensor networks are used in those hostile environments where wired networks can't be deployed. For example in a forest, wireless sensor nodes are dropped from the air because going down there and deploying a wired setup is not