Alleles Lab Report

Evolution of the Rabbit Population with Default Predation and an Initial Decrease in the Grass Rate

1. List whether the student was positive or negative for each characteristic and include whether the characteristic is dominant or recessive. (6 points)

The purpose of this experiment is to observe the frequency of attached versus detached earlobes to better understand the presentation of traits in humans in general and in certain populations to determine if individuals of particular ethnicity are more likely to present with one phenotype of the other. It is understood that attached earlobes are the dominant phenotype and detached earlobes are the recessive phenotype, however there is some controversy regarding this distinction, as suggested by McDonald (2011), who points out that “Carrière and Hilden were among the first to study the genetics of earlobes, and they reached opposite conclusions”. The purpose is this experiment is to revisit this topic and determine whether there is a moderately clear dominant and recessive genotype in human earlobes.

Payoff matrix value change in the above three figures, because it is dependent of the fitness. Hawks had less payoff matrix compared to doves even though they were fitter than doves (fig; 1, and 2). Evolutionary stability was achieved at 10% of benefit of winning, coast of injury, loss, and 5% coast of display. The proportion of hawks to doves was 0.583 to 0.417, and the total difference between hawks and dove’s fitness was 0. For allele with different phenotype to exist in a population with equal fitness their allele’s frequency doesn’t have to be the same. In this experiment (fig.3) by decreasing the coast of injury, loss, and coast of display dove’s fitness was increased when they have to compute with hawks, meanwhile by decreasing the coast

The results of the allele frequency changes in the five different trials are all in close range of one another. The trials 1 and 5 being the same at .85 and were the highest, trial 4 was the lowest at .70, and the two middle results were trial 2 at .75 and trial 3 at .80. In a population size of 1000, the difference in the green and albino alligator’s pigments will inevitably affect the fitness. The green alligator is the dominant big “A” allele, while the

There are four blood types found in humans. These are A blood type which has the genotype either AA or AO, B blood type which has the genotype either BB or BO, AB blood type which has the genotype AB, and O blood type which has the genotype OO. These genotypes show a combination of complete dominance and codominance. A and B traits are dominant to the recessive O trait, however, the A trait is codominant to the B trait. Each blood type codes for certain antigens. A blood codes for the A surface antigen, B blood codes for the B surface antigen, AB blood codes for both the A and B surface antigen, and O blood does not code for a surface antigen. Therefore to determine one’s blood type a test can be performed

A population’s genetic makeup can change through mutations, change in location, an increase in population, and an increase in mating between organisms. Breeding within species ensure the future offsprings of a particular species and creates a variations in alleles than before. The environment is related to the organism existence in a community an example is a white butterfly in a snowy region. Predictors are less likely to see the

Majority of mice in New Mexico’s Valley of Fire have dark color. The population increase of dark-colored mice in Valley of Fire happened because of natural selection. Mice that do not suit the environment, which are light-colored mice, cannot survive in Valley of Fire because they are easily noticed on dark soil by the predators. On the other hand, dark-colored mice can hide easily on dark soil, which made them survive. Whereas the mice near the desert are mutated, those near the lava are not mutated. Each mouse from different lava found to have a different gene. Whereas the mice near the desert’s color change was from a random mutation, that of the mice near the lavas was not random. Because, each dark-colored mouse from two different lavas

A computer program called FlyLab Software was used to simulate basic principles of genetic inheritance

The Rock Pocket Mouses’ coat color is extremely important because the mice use it as a mean of camouflage if the mice are a different color of fur than its environment, their overall fitness, how well an organism can survive and reproduce in its environment, decreases. Due to a volcanic eruption, most of the environment has turned from a sandy-colored soil to black soil; therefore making it very difficult for the unmutated, pale mice to survive. The dark fur color of the Rock Pocket’s population occurred due to a random mutation, a mistake made in the DNA whether it is good or bad, known as the MC1R gene. Because of this, variation among the mice was created, making some mice dark-colored and others to stay light-colored. Dark-colored mice

I am using the Rabbit natural selection simulator to test the my hypothesis about the long teeth alleles and their survival through the distinct climates, food availability, and the consistency of predators or not. I am able to access this simulator program because we were given a link on the lab two template. In order to assess my hypothesis, I will run about three simulation test. The first test will have rabbits with food in the arctic atmosphere. Basically I will add the long teeth mutation at the second generation and food on the fourth generation. The second test i will run will have rabbits with the long teeth allele and it will take place in the equator environment. I will simply add the long teeth allele at the second generation and

Exploring the Expression of an Auxin Induced Gene pCNT103, a Constitutive Gene GapC and a Cytokinin Induced Cig1 Gene in the DNA and RNA Extracts of Differentiated Shoot, Root, and Callus Tissue of Nicotiana tabacum

The simulation accurately demonstrates the variation in traits and the ability of the best adapted to survive easier when simulating the process of natural selection. However, the simulation doesn’t accurately demonstrate natural selection due to the lack of heredity. In the game, the light and dark moths flew across the screen in the same numbers throughout the simulation, not showing how there would be less and less of the moths that weren’t the same color as the forest, which is how heredity works in the real world. In the Light Tree Forest, the average percentage of dark moths that remained was 49.3%, and the average percentage of light moths that remained was 50.6%. Since there wasn’t a dwindling of the population of black moths, for many

A highly conserved gene will be used to identify a prokaryotic species isolated from the body. Fundamental lab techniques will be also explored and utilized, such as amplifying using PCR, cloning, and transforming the gene into a host cell. DNA electrophoresis and specific substrate plating will serve as analysis check points. The final product will be sequenced and compared to similar species to observe phylogenetic relationships.

The law proves that natural selection is necessary for evolution to occur ("SparkNotes: population genetics," 2014). The conditions set up by the Hardy-Weinberg Law allow for variability (the existence of different alleles) and inheritance, but they eliminate natural selection ("SparkNotes: population genetics," 2014). The fact that no evolution occurs in a population meeting these conditions proves that evolution can only occur through natural selection ("SparkNotes: population genetics," 2014). The Hardy-Weinberg Law allows us to estimate the effect of selection pressures