Ambulatory Tract Infection Paper

Many infectious diseases that once quickly spread and easily killed have been controlled or eradicated due to vaccinations. The efficacy of vaccines in reducing morbidity and mortality, particularly in children, is undeniable. Per the World Health Organization, childhood vaccinations prevent approximately 2-3 million deaths per year worldwide (WHO, 2016). In the United States, the value of immunizations is clearly displayed by comparing pre-vaccine era morbidity/mortality rates to post-vaccine era in regards to vaccine-preventable diseases. For example, prior to the diphtheria vaccine in the 1920’s, 206,000 people annually contracted the disease resulting in 15,520 deaths (History of Vaccines, 2009). However, between 2004 and 2014, only

The article from the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) and American Academy of Family Physicians (AAFP) that addresses acute otitis media (AOM) is a filtered resource. This article is appropriate for use in nursing practice as it establishes diagnosis and management guidelines for the treatment of AOM. In addition the article recommends treatment options for the symptoms of AOM and addresses the concept of watchful waiting. The is an evidence based guideline as it provides recommendations for practice and was created a systematic review and best clinical research in clinical literature. The Block article, Causative Pathogens,

The National Vaccine Information Center (NVIC) is a national non-profit advocacy organization established in the early 1980s in an effort to create transparency and dialogue regarding childhood immunizations (NVIC, 2016). The NVIC is one of the most prominent consumer led organizations that have led the pursuit of “advocating for vaccine safety and informed consent protections in the public health systems” (NVIC, 2016, para.1). The NVIC advocates for an

Research done by the Centres for Disease Control and Protection (CDC) has shown that the MMR vaccine, or the measles-mumps-rubella vaccine, is 93% effective against measles after one dosage, and 97% effective after two doses. Moreover, the Varicella (chickenpox) vaccine is shown to be 98% effective after two doses, and the hepatitis B vaccine is shown to be over 90% effective in infants, children and adults alike. Despite the fact that the aforementioned vaccines aren’t 100 percent effective, their high success rates still prove that vaccines are extremely effective, thus making them essential to maintaining children’s

Vaccine completion rates were similar to those reported by others and did not differ according to the levels of intervention delivered

Every year a familiar scene plays out in clinic waiting rooms, chairs filled with miserable patients waiting to see their physician with complaints of a never ending cough and a constant nasal drip. More than likely, these patients will receive a prescription for antibiotics, but should they? Most acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs), do not require an antibiotic, the symptoms will resolve themselves over time without antibiotic treatment. Healthcare experts and scientists have warned the public about the dangers of overusing antibiotics, and there are thousands of studies to support that fact, but no one is listening. Patients are convinced they need to have antibiotic treatment, and somehow their time is wasted if they leave empty

Not only have the vaccinations created a healthier community as it avoids preventable diseases, it also reduced healthcare costs exponentially; 9.9 billion dollars in direct costs are prevented and 33.4 billion dollars of indirect costs are avoided as a direct result of immunizations (Nicastro & Rejman, 2012). Given these facts, it is surprising to see that 85% of healthcare providers that see children have

Although the topic of vaccines and completing all recommended vaccine series can sometimes be difficult for some parents to comprehend, proper education and evidence based research can facilitate the goal of vaccinating children as adequately as possible. In recent years, the number of vaccines has increased. Children who are not immunized can readily transmit vaccine-preventable diseases throughout

The body responds differently to an infection, depending on whether it is a virus or a bacterial infection. Generally, viruses are considered to be more dangerous, but aside from generalities, there are also pathophysiological differences in the ways in which both viruses and bacteria (invasive organisms) infect human beings (hosts). When a virus is the agent that is infecting the host, the goal of the virus is to invade on a cellular level and replicate itself. “Once inside, the cells of the immune system cannot ‘see’ the virus and therefore do not know that the host cell is infected. To overcome this, cells employ a system that allows them to show other cells what is inside them” (Immune, 2015). The virus then uses the cell in order to make proteins and replicate itself, further compromising the immune system. The immune

In the human body, there are systems that provide different functions and help the body to operate more efficiently. The urinary system is one in particular designed to help the body remain free of excess that we no longer need. “The urinary tract is the drainage system used for removing wastes and extra water. The urinary tract includes two kidneys, two ureters, a bladder, and a urethra. The kidneys are a pair of “bean-shaped” organs, each about the size of a fist. The kidneys are located below the ribs, one on each side of the spine, towards the middle of the back.” (NIDDK, 2013) Every several minutes, your kidneys filter around three ounces of blood, also then removing wastes and extra water. That extra water and

Despite the overwhelming evidence of favourable outcomes provided by vaccinations, the last few decades have seen an increase in the prominence of anti-vaccination movements (Blume, 2006, p. 630). As such, vaccinations are heavily scrutinised on the basis of their safety and effectiveness; this is particularly noteworthy in the case for childhood vaccinations (Kata, 2012, p.

A urinary tract infection or UTI is an infection that can happen anywhere along the urinary tract. Your urinary tract is the system that makes urine and carries it out of your body. Urinary tract infections can have different names, depending on what part of the urinary tract is infected. The infection can be in the bladder, kidneys, ureters, or the urethra. If the infection is in the bladder it is called cystitis or a bladder infection. If the infection is in the kidneys is it called pyelonephritis or a kidney infection. If the infection is in the urethra it is called urethritis. Most urinary tract infections are bladder infections. Infections in the ureters are very rare.

The scope, history, and duration of catheter associated urinary tract infections is reviewed. The scope of catheter associated urinary tract infections is when an individual acquires an infection that has been caused by the insertion of a catheter. The individual may have had the catheter in place for a short period of time and acquired it upon insertion related to the lack of sterile technique. However, the individual also may have had the catheter in place over a long period of time and acquired an infection. Roger, Feneley, Hopley, and Wells (2015) explain that the body’s natural flora is disrupted from ascending in the urinary tract and colonizing a bacterial infection during normal bladder emptying. However, if a catheter is in place this allows for easy ascending bacteria to colonize and form an infection, and

“Standard immunization currently averts an estimated two to three million deaths every year in all age groups” (“General Information”). Children along with adults should be vaccinated because these Inoculations prevent diseases, even deaths, from going around, along with keeping the environment a safer place. As people know, kids get vaccinated from the time born to about the time the child reaches teen years, although getting immunized does not precisely stop at any age. In fact, required vaccinations continue throughout the years. Of course these medical treatments must be tested in order to be given to anyone. In spite of the fact many people themselves argue that inoculations are not safe for children, others are thoroughly certain in

3) The proportion of fully immunized children 12-23 months is aimed at >90 per 1000 children. The latest National value shows improvement from 53% in 2001 to 80% in 2013 yet there is an urgent need to speed up this process; immunization against the common communicable diseases is important in preventing morbidity and mortality against children.