Anatomy and Physiology of Ckd

The atrium chambers are small and collect blood returning to the heart from the systemic or pulmonary circulation. The ventricles are larger than the atrium chambers and they pump blood out into the circulation. The right atrium and right ventricle are separated by the tricuspid valve. The tricuspid valve has three flaps that prevent backflow of the blood from the right ventricle into the right atrium. The left side of the heart has a mitral valve also known as the bicuspid valve that consists of two flaps that separates the left atrium and left ventricle. The heart has a thick wall that is mainly of muscle and is constantly contracting and relaxing through every heartbeat. The hearts wall has three layers of tissue which consist of the innermost layer called the endocardium which is a smooth, thin membrane that lines the inside of the champers of the heart and forms the surface of the valves. The second layer is the middle layer that is called the myocardium. It is the muscular wall of the heart and is made of many layers of cardiac muscle which is striated and involuntary muscle tissue. Then the outer layer of the heart is the epicardium that is a double layered fibrous sac that covers and protects the heart.

The topic of discussion for today is the Cardiovascular System, also known as the circulatory system, is one of the most vital systems in the body. The cardiovascular system is made up of the heart, arteries, veins, capillaries, and blood. The heart is the pump that moves blood through the body. The arteries transport blood from the heart to the body and the veins carry blood back to the heart. The capillaries(tiny blood vessels) is where the exchange occurs between the blood and body tissues. The cardiovascular system, also transports hormones, blood sugar, vitamins, waste and anything else that is produced in one part of the body and travels elsewhere.

The cardiovascular system is the process of the heart pumping the blood around the body through blood vessels, arteries, veins and capillaries. The main functions of the system are to transport materials to and from the cells around the body, to assist in temperature, to keep the levels of fluid in the body at the correct level, to distribute heat around the body and to defend the body. This system is the heart, which is a muscle that pumps blood around the body through arteries, veins and capillaries. Blood transports oxygen to the body cells which helps them to metabolise energy in the body. During this process the blood is also getting rid of any waste products of respiration, carbon dioxide and water. Blood also helps to supply heat, hormones, nutrients, salts and urea around the body. The heart is placed in between the lungs which is protected by the rib cage and is the size of a fist.

The cardiovascular system is made up of blood, the heart and blood vessels which are divided into arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules and veins. (www.livestrong.com, 2013)

Both the right and left atrium contract causing blood to flow though the two valves, and then into the left ventricle. The left ventricle pumps blood into the systemic circulation through the aorta. This systemic circulation system is much bigger than the pulmonary circulation system, which is why the left ventricle is so big. The blood on the left side of the heart is oxygenated. It becomes oxygenated when the deoxygenated blood passes through the right atrium and then flows into the left ventricle. It is then pumped along the pulmonary artery into the lungs where it is oxygenated. It then travels through the pulmonary veins back into the heart. It enters through the left atrium and then travels to the left ventricle. This process is repeated over and over again, to make blood continuously flow through the heart, lungs and body. This process ensures that there is always enough oxygen for the body to work

Our cardiovascular system is composed of the heart and blood vessels. The main purpose of this system is to transport substances throughout the body. Even though transportation is the main function of the cardiovascular system, it is not the only function. Along with transportation we have protection and regulation.

Composed of the heart, blood vessels, and blood, the cardiovascular system is the body system that carries out the tasks of pumping and transporting blood, oxygen, nutrients, and waste products, and other substances throughout the body.

The cardiovascular system is part of the larger circulatory system, which circulates fluids throughout the body. The circulatory system includes both the cardiovascular system and the lymphatic system. The cardiovascular system moves blood throughout the body, and the lymphatic system moves lymph, which is a clear fluid that’s similar to the plasma in blood.

The cardiovascular system consists of the heart, blood vessels and 5 liters of blood that the blood vessels transport. The cardiovascular system is transporting oxygen, nutrients, hormones and cellular waste products through the body. The cardiovascular system is powered by the hardest working organ the heart.

The heart, blood and blood vessels make up the basis of the cardiovascular system also known as the circulatory system. The average human body contains approximately 5 litres of blood which is carried around the body via a network of blood vessels split into three types; arteries, veins and capillaries. The arteries are the largest of the three vessels and carry blood away from the heart. Veins carry blood to the heart and are smaller than arteries, then finally the smallest vessels known as capillaries distribute the oxygen rich blood to organs whilst simultaneously picking up the waste carbon dioxide and water from the organs to transport back to the heart where it can be pumped into the lungs to be exhaled.

The heart beats and pumps blood through our blood vessels, in which carries oxygen to our lungs. There are three main types of blood vessels in the heart circulatory, in which are the Arties, Capillaries, and Veins. The Arteries that is the aorta large artery carry oxygen blood away from the heart, the branch becoming smaller as they carry blood further from the heart into organs. Capillaries connect the arteries and veins allowing oxygen, nutrients and carbon dioxide pass through the cells. Veins are the one that passes through the vessels and remove waste products from our bodies.

Arteries: Carry blood away from the heart and supplies blood to the tissues of the body. There are several types.

Did you know the circulatory system comprises the heart, veins, capillaries and arteries? The system moves pure oxygenated blood in a continuous and controlled way from the lungs and heart so that blood can reaches every cell. Blood travels through a type of network of vessels that include capillaries that permeate every tissue of the body. Once it’s depleted of oxygen, the blood returns to the lungs and heart and the cycle continues.

Introduction The main types of blood vessels in the systemic system are arteries, arterioles, capillaries, veins and venules. In this experiment, the main blood vessels that were explored in depth were the arteries and the veins. An artery is a muscular or elastic tube that carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the tissues of the body. The only exception to this is the pulmonary, which carries oxygen to the lungs for oxygenation and removal of excess carbon dioxide.

So we already know that the blood vessels are the vessels that transport the blood to and from the heart and to the tissues throughout our body. Let us now quickly review the basic structure of the vessels that the human body contains. The five main types of blood vessels are the arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules and veins. We have already learned that the arteries carry blood away from the heart to the tissues via systemic circulation. Well these large arteries eventually divide into smaller medium-sized arteries, which then divide further into even smaller arteries called arterioles (Tortora, G.J., & Derrickson, B., 2017, p. 738). These arterioles then enter the tissue that they are supplying and again, they branch into a web of even more tiny vessels known as capillaries (refer to figure 1.5). The thin walls of the capillaries allow the exchange of substances such as oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood and body tissues (Tortora, G.J., & Derrickson, B., 2017, p. 738). So from here, many capillaries “co-mingle” or “converge”, for lack of a better term, and form into more vessels known as venules. Venules are essentially smaller veins, which in turn, gradually form the larger vessels known as the veins (Tortora, G.J., & Derrickson, B., 2017, p. 738). From here the veins carry the deoxygenated blood back to the heart to be re-oxygenated via the pulmonary circulation. The deoxygenated blood is essentially the bi-product from the exchange of oxygen, nutrients and carbon dioxide at the capillaries for which our tissues have used. The basic structure of the blood vessels are, again, multilayered structures made of three separate layers of tissues. Starting from the inner layer out, they are the: tunica interna, tunica media, and tunica externa. The structure of the vessels differ slightly between the arteries and veins which will described shortly.