Ancient China-Germany Research Paper

On August 24th in 79 AD at approximately 1300 a cloud appeared over the Roman city of Pompeii. This was all the warning the residents had before the nearby volcano, Mount Vesuvius, erupted. Huge quantities of scalding hot ash, pumice and lava pebbles were thrown into the sky. This then cascaded down across an extensive area. Pompeii was buried under 14 to 17 feet of ash and pumice, and the nearby seacoast was drastically changed. Herculaneum was buried under more than 60 feet of mud and volcanic material. Some residents of Pompeii later returned to dig out their destroyed homes and salvage their valuables, but many treasures were left and then forgotten. The remains of 2,000 men, women, and children were found at Pompeii. After perishing

Evidence of almost 100 of the stones has revealed without the need to excavate the site, due to remote sensing, ground-penetrating radar and geographical imaging technologies. These advancements in science and technology allow researchers to discover the historical monuments full extent. Fragments of bones, stones and the foundation pits in which they were situated have all been uncovered during excavations and technological mapping indicating the true size and importance the site was to the Neolithic

From an ancient unknown writer, we have learnt that the labourers made the tomb of bronze, with its floor being a map of China and rivers of mercury, which, as long as they flowed, Qin would live forever in his underground world. The workers continued construction on the tomb until the emperor’s death in 209BC. The mound was a scale model of the palace, the empire and the world. The labourers installed automatically triggered weapons in the mausoleum to safeguard the treasures and ward off tomb robbers. Most of the workmen who were working on the tomb when the Emperor died were buried alive with Qin to serve him in the afterlife. The warriors were constructed by the 700, 000 employed workers of Qin Shi Huangdi to prepare him for his afterlife journey.

The main point of this article is to talk about the findings of the 59th Unnamed Cave in Florida. This cave is interesting because there are very few sites in Florida. This was only one out of the two sites that had rock art in them that is in the state of Florida. I really like this article because instead of just talking about what they see in the petroglyph, the authors actually highlighted the engravings so that it is easier for the readers to see what they are talking about. The other articles I have read only talked about the engraving but they did not really highlighted the engraving which makes it very hard for the reader to see what they were talking about. Another good point of this article is that they showed a comparison between the older cave engraving versus the new engraving. By adding this information it help the reader understand the difference between the two time frame that the engraving was marked. One of the things that I wished this article would have is the radio carbon dating section. The other articles I read about all have some type of radio carbon dating to try to date when the site were occupied. This article only talked about the ceramic sherds that they

Science plays a major role in assisting archaeologists and researchers reconstruct the past. In the case of Ötzi, scientific research resulted in magnificent findings and continues to make great finds and extract evidence from the body and the equipment found with it.

The Next piece is an image form Guo Xi who was a master from the Northern

Following 1977, Fausto Zevi halted excavations and started focusing on conservations instead as both Pompeii and Herculaneum were “dying a second death” due to improper excavations exposure to natural elements. Zevi recorded the uncovered buildings and took many photographs, resulting in over 1800 photos.

Although this was a great accomplishment and is now considered a symbol of China, it actually lead to the fall of the Dynasty. Shi Huang Ti used forced labor to construct the wall. Many of the peasants that were forced to work on the wall died of exhaustion, exposure to the elements, and hunger. This made him very unpopular with the people of China. Also, to keep his building project underway, he was forced to raise taxes. The forced labor, high taxes, and many deaths while The Wall was constructed lead to a number of revolts after Shi Huang Ti’s death and ultimately the fall of the Qin Dynasty. Finally, although the Qin Dynasty may have begun the construction of this Chinese Symbol, the Han Dynasty actually continued building The Wall. This proves that despite the idea that the Qin Dynasty was more influential because of the construction of the Great Wall of China, the Han Dynasty actually was more important to the development of

This article talks about the study of the Dunbar Cave in Montgomery County, Tennessee to learn more about the varied ways that the cave was used by people. Many of the artifacts that was in the cave linked its usage time to be from the Late Paleo-Indian to the Mississippian period. The article define dark-zone cave art as “the decorations in the areas of the caves that is beyond the reach of external lights”. Mug Glyph Cave art was found in the 12th Unnamed Cave in Tennessee and since then sixty-nine other caves that had dark-zone cave art were found. The artifacts and chronological data from these sites indicates that the tradition of cave art began 6000 years ago.

While three days does not seem like much time, it did give archaeologists an excellent opportunity to work with the local community to assess the site and decide if additional time would be necessary for a longer, more intensive

9). Serpent Mound is well documented and has peaked archaeologist and other researchers interest for a long time, the first excavation dates back to Putnam in the 1890s (Herrmann and others 2014, p. 117). However, the age of construction for Serpent Mound has been a point of contestation for researchers. Researchers propose two time periods for construction, either Adena (~2,300 years ago) or Fort Ancient (~900 years ago) (Herrmann 2014, p. 119). Recently published work, as of 2017, done by Romain and others have provided strong evidence for Adena construction, radio carbon dates from GeoProbe core samples, LiDAR analyses, and electrical resistivity ground imaging surveys support their hypothesis (2017). Despite of initial construction of Serpent Mound, Hermann and Others do not deny that later Fort Ancient and other cultural groups occupied the site, making the site multi-occupational (2014,

Modern scientific methods and testing have made it possible for both historians and archaeologists and also

The excavation and discovery of Tutankhamun’s tomb was as a result of the efforts of the Archaeologist Howard Carter and his team. Carter’s discovery of the tomb came by finding steps to the burial near the entrance to the tomb Ramses VI. The subsequent excavated of the site by Carter and his team revealed the greatest ever treasure found from an Egyptian tomb and showed the existence of Tutankhamun. Carter’s methodology for the excavation was that of maintaining records for each artefact and that every artefact that was brought out of the tomb was preserved appropriately. The discovery and excavation of the tomb was a long and complex process but with it revealed much about Tutankhamun.

Kathleen’s first archaeological experience was in the Great Zimbabwe in Southern Rhodesia as a photographer where she was joined by Gertrude Caton-Thomson. This expedition had been made possible by her father’s facilitation and connections along with Margaret Fry’s persuasion. As she would prove useful on this excavation, being both industrious and reliable, her duties would expand beyond taking pictures to overseeing the workers assisting at the site. After she returned to England, at the completion of the Zimbabwe expedition, Kathleen joined Sir Mortimer Wheeler’s staff at his excavation at Roman Verulamiun (St. Albans), north of London. While there she would study Wheeler’s method of stratigraphic excavation. Wheeler’s findings were based on the concept developed by geologist William Smith where materials accumulate on a site through a sequence of layers that explain the historical timeline

Surprisingly, the clay held almost 30 times more iridium than the limestone layers above and below the clay. Similar layers in other parts of the world gave the same results. The conclusion was that a giant meteorite hit the Earth 65 million years ago and had released a large