relaxation barrier depends on both single-ion anisotropy and 3d-4f magnetic exchange interactions.10 Thus when the 3d-4f magnetic exchange coupling is strong enough, the exchange coupled levels are well separated (avoiding mixing of low-lying excited states in the ground state) and the QTM is suppressed, so that large energy barriers, hysteresis loops and relaxation times are observed. It should be noted that only a few heterometallic 3d/4f complexes where the magnetic exchange interaction is able to effectively reduce the QTM process have been reported so far. The best example of this phenomenon, is the family of heterometallic tetranuclear CrIII2 LnIII2 butterfly-like type SMMs complexes recently reported by Murray et al.,10b, 10f, 11 …show more content…
MMCs are complexes exhibiting enhanced magneto-caloric effect (MCE), which is based on the change of magnetic entropy upon application of a magnetic field and can be exploited for molecular refrigeration.6 Contrary to SMM behaviour, which is favoured by highly anisotropic Ln3+ ions, the MCE is improved in molecules containing isotropic metal ions and exhibiting weak magnetic coupling between them. This is because in these conditions multiple low-lying excited, field-accessible states are generated, which can contribute to the magnetic entropy of the system. In view of the above considerations, 3d-4f dinuclear complexes containing the isotropic Gd3+ ion, which has the maximum entropy value calculated as Rln(2SGd + 1)/MGd = 110 Jkg-1K-1 and the MnIII ion (despite being anisotropic has a maximum entropy value of 271 Jkg-1K-1) could be good candidates for constructing magnetic coolers. It should be noted that although numerous MnIII/LnIII cluster complexes exist,13 to the best of our knowledge, no examples of fully structurally and magnetically characterized simple dinuclear MnIIILnIII complexes have been reported so far (actually, an example of dinuclear MnIIIGdIII can be found in the literature, but its crystal structure was not reported). This is
CHE 131 Experiment 8, General Chemistry 1 Lab, 1 Quarter 2015-2016, DePaul University. [Online] https://www.d2l.depaul.edu (November 09, 2015).
CHE 135 Experiment 2, General Chemistry III Lab, Spring Quarter 2015-2016, DePaul University. [Online] htps://www.d2l.depaul.edu (April 19, 2016).
Hypothesis: The stoichiometric ratio of the reactants in the chemical synthesis of the (2, 4-pentanedianato) iron (III) complex ion is 3:1.
1. Molecular Series I, II, and III all have London Dispersion forces, Dipole-Dipole moment forces, and Hydrogen Bonding forces.
In order to synthesize our metal complexes, we were able to make both Copper and Ruthenium metals. From this, we combined each metal complex with DMSO by refluxing the compound. The metal complexes were analyzed through their melting point and IR spectroscopy to determine whether the metal bonded to a Sulfur atom or an Oxygen atom of the DMSO. After analyzing the IR spectrum, it was determined that S=O shifted to a lower wavenumber in CuCl2~2DMSO and that S=O shifted to a higher wavenumber in RuCl2~4DMSO.
The Lithium Nickel Manganese oxide battery is still in its experimental stages. It consists of a 25% nickel substituted in a LiMn2O4 spinel. This is because Manganese will have 4 electrons in its valence shell which will avoid the Jahn-Teller distortion caused due to the Mn3+. Due to the oxidation or reduction of Nickel ions which leads to the transfer of electrons which corresponds to electric current. LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 takes shape in two conceivable crystallographic structures concurring the cationic sub lattice: the face-focused spinel (S.G. Fd3m) named as "cluttered spinel" furthermore, the straightforward cubic stage (S.G. P4332) named as "requested spinel". This addition allows
CHE 131 Experiment 8, General Chemistry I Lab, 131 Quarter 2014-2015, DePaul University. [Online] https://www.d2l.depaul.edu (March 10, 2015)
where is the expectation value of the dynamic nuclear polarization, is the equilibrium polarization of the nuclear spins [8], is the NMR signal enhancement value, are the gyromagnetic ratios for the electron and proton respectively, and and are known as the coupling, leakage, and saturation factors, respectively. The leakage factor in Eq. (1) that accounts for the loss of polarization is sensitive to the motion and it also depends on the concentration of
CHE 133 Experiment 3, General Chemistry II Lab, Spring Quarter 2014-2015, DePaul University. [Online] https://www.d2l.depaul.edu (accessed April 25, 2015)
Evening help sessions: Wednesdays 5:00-6:30 p.m. in Hancock 209 beginning on September 4. ON WEEKS WHEN THERE IS A TUESDAY TEST, THE HELP SESSION WILL BE ON MONDAY INSTEAD OF WEDNESDAY AND WILL BE HELD FROM 7:00-8:30 IN ENGEL 223. Attendance at Help Sessions is entirely optional but can be helpful.
Olmsted, John III; Williams, Greg; Burk, Robert C. Chemistry, 1st Canadian ed.; John Wiley and Sons Ltd: Mississauga, Canada, 2010, pp 399 - 406
This experiment initially involved the synthesis of an iron (III) oxalate complex with the general formula Kw[Fex(C2O4)y] zH2O. The variables x, y, and z were determined
Furthermore, in this experiment we learned that NMR takes advantage of the magnetic properties of the 1H and 13C nuclei. We are not concerned with 12C because it does not have a magnetic
Indium is a trivalent metal. Though chemically not so reactive, it often forms complexes within its binary alloys. In this theoretical work we have studied the impact of eigenvalues on the electron-phonon coupling strength of indium. We have also dealt with the same for two binary alloys of it viz. indium-magnesium and indium-zinc. First of all we have computed the non-local screened form factor for each of them. For this purpose initially the orthogonalised plane wave parameter is considered as unity. Thereafter Vashishta-Singwi form of exchange and correlation are employed. For indium the Clementi eigenvalues being not available, the experimental energy values have been taken besides the Herman-Skillman core energy eigenvalues. Our results are quite satisfactory for the metal. For the alloys our results lie within the range of values as obtained by other researchers. Our computation reveals that the superconducting state parameter can be reasonably reproduced by Harrison’s first principle pseudopotential technique along with McMillan’s formalism provided a proper choice of the core energy eigenvalues is made.
1Irving, H and Williams, R. J. P, The Stability of Transition-metal Complexes. 1952, J. Chem. Soc., 1953, 3192-3210 DOI: 10.1039/JR9530003192 http://www.ciens.ucv.ve/eqsol/Inorganica%20II/articulo2.pdf (assessed 20 Oct 2014)