preview

Border Militarization Of Immigrants

Decent Essays

For my research topic, I will be exploring the effects of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and post-9/11 border militarization on the issues of criminalization of immigration and the inequality and structural violence immigrants face in detention centers specifically at the U.S.-Mexico Border. National awareness on issues such as oversight of detention centers, conditions within detention centers, as well as the inhumane practices detained immigrants are subjected to have risen within the last decade. Immigration detention has become the fastest growing form of incarceration in the United States, and immigrants are the fastest growing population in federal prisons (Lopez & Light, 2009). Nearly 30,000 immigrants are detained …show more content…

But it wasn’t until the 1990s when the United States made dramatic shifts in immigration policy with the usage of detention as the primary means of enforcement. After the 9/11 attacks, the Homeland Security Act (HSA) was passed by Congress, which entailed the replacement of the Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) to the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) (Coleman, 2007). Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) is the leading investigative agency of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and the primary purpose of ICE is to promote homeland security and public safety by enforcing federal laws concerning border control, customs, trade, and immigration, (taken from the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement website). The push toward the privatization of detention centers has an essential impact of the global spread of neoliberal policies. These policies have been vigorously promoted by the USA through the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund, two development and financial organizations dominated by the USA (Ackerman & Rich, …show more content…

With the exponential increases in government expenditure on immigration enforcement since 2001, private industry accurately views immigration detention as a growth industry, and corporations have therefore devoted their resources to lobbying for those policies and programs that will increase their opportunities to do business with the federal government (DWN.org). Speculations that private prison corporations are more concerned with generating profit rather than the safety and security of detainees have emerged. Human rights violations have become more apparent through raids, deportations, and detentions against immigrants have been rampant with rationalization made in the name of homeland security since 9/11. The potential profitability of ownership and operation of detention centers are not the only means for generating profits, private industries operating within federal, state, and local facilities stand to generate substantial profit from subsidiary industries as well. Under the guise of protection of the general public and homeland security, these private prison systems create an image of being the solution to the “immigration problem,” when in reality most are only concerned

Get Access