Breast Cancer Research

This will explore the role gender, ethnicity, race and socio-economics play in the acquisition, maintenance and experience of health care. A particular focus is the interaction (intersection) between these elements and their effect on awareness, education, active prevention and early detection of cancer, particularly breast cancer in women. Cancer is a disease caused by a mutation and rapid division of cells. Cancer is a general term describing many diseases; essentially there is a wide array of types of cancers. This vast differentiation makes it difficult to combat this disease and similarly the differences among individuals cause the course of this disease to vary greatly, cancer effects people differently. Breast cancer is one of the more well-known forms of cancer and is frequently touched upon or glazed over in discussion. A conversation may start with “I know someone who has or had cancer” but way to often this is where the conversation ends. The discussion on breast cancer needs to expand, to further the spread of information and understanding of the many aspects of this disease. “Breast cancer is a malignant tumor that starts in the cells of the breast. A malignant tumor is a group of cancer cells that can grow into (invade) surrounding tissues or spread (metastasize) to distant areas of the body” (What is Breast cancer). Breast cancer can be found in both male and female populations but it is particularly, prevalent among women, Breast cancer is the most pervasive

Purpose Statement: This speech has a primary goal of educating the audience and to give a better understanding of what breast cancer is and how it can be treated with detection by a vast variety of methods. It will also give better understanding that not only women but men also are susceptible to breast cancer.

Breast cancer (BRCA) is associated with the highest mortality rate of any type of cancer besides that of the lung (American Cancer Society, 2013). BRCA occurs most commonly in women over the age of 40, with an estimated global incidence of 1.6 million cases in 2010. An estimated 39,000 women died from BRCA alone in 2013 (American Cancer Society, 2013). BRCA is responsible for the largest portion of spending on cancer-related care in the United States; an estimated $16.5 billion of cancer-related spending went towards BRCA in 2010 (Mariotto, Robin Yabroff, Shao, Feuer, & Brown, 2011). Although the prevalence, mortality, and costs associated with BRCA are quite high, recent advances in screening and treatment have increased long term

In 2002, the U. S. Preventative Services Task Force (USPSTF, 2002, 2014) issued its’ recommendation statement regarding breast cancer screening for the general population. It looked at the efficacy of five screening methods in reducing breast cancer mortality: film mammography; clinical breast examination (CBE); breast self-examination (BSE); digital mammography; and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Two studies were commissioned: a

In today’s society many women are not getting their mammograms done because they feel like they are not necessary or because they are scared of the results of the mammograms. Since women do not get their mammograms done they are more exposed to breast cancer. According to the National Cancer Institute, women who get mammograms reduce about “15% to 20% in mortality from breast cancer” (“National Cancer Institute” 1). If women would get their mammograms the rate number increase and there will be less deaths in women.

Medical screening and testing continues to grow and advance every day. These various advances allow us to detect harmful effects on the body such as cancer, much sooner because it allows us to regularly check patients as a precaution. Some screenings are not mandatory; however, having the screening done is very beneficial in detecting early stages of cancer. One of the most common screening among women is mammograms. Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in U.S. women. Early detection is associated with increased survival and annual routine mammogram screening has until recently been recommended to all women aged 40-74 years of age in the United States.1 Overall effectiveness of a mammogram does not only include the

It is well elaborated that health care providers should share information with their clients on the health benefits and the harm of breast cancers screening tests available (Siu, 2016). Also, the healthcare worker should clarify to the client using evidence all the screening methods available and known risks for cancer of the breast.

Breast Cancer affects one in eight of American women, and is the second most common cause of cancer death in America. I chose to write my term paper on breast cancer because it is a disease that has effected some members of my family. Due to this possibly inherited condition, I felt that researching the topic would help me learn ways to prevent the disease and educate myself to perform self-exams that may result in early detection.

Breast cancer is the most common cause of death among women (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2016). The latest data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (C.D.C.) state that in 2013 230,815 women in the United States were diagnosed with breast cancer, and in 2013 40,860 women died from breast cancer (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2016). From 2002 to 2012, the occurrences of a breast cancer diagnosis remained at an even level, however the death rate from breast cancer decreased by 1.9% per year (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2016). Mammography has been used for years to detect breast cancer and is considered the most effective tool to identify breast cancer (Komen, 2016).

With the advancement of therapies for breast cancer, comes with the increased use of screening through mammography, a technique that uses x-ray’s, which is helping people get more accurate cancer diagnosis (E). According to the Clinical Journal of Oncology Nursing, 40% of all breast cancers diagnosed by mammography is DCIS and the general consensus is that it doesn’t have any metastatic potential making the survival rate regardless of the type of therapy, 96%-98% (E). Another recommended screening method that a nurse could educate a patient for is called the Breast self-examination which is a type of early detection of breast cancer (D). According to the Asian Journal of Nursing Education and Research, BSE is a readily available, cheap, self-generated, non-invasive and non-irradiative method of breast cancer detection that promotes one’s self-efficacy towards positive cancer control (D).

Breast Cancer takes a tremendous toll on women and men of all ages, races, and ethnicities, as well as their families and communities. Breast Cancer places an impact on the health care system that treats and monitors those people who have been diagnosed with the disease. Prevention is the key to reducing the emotional, physical, and financial burden of Breast Cancer. For me, prevention is the best way to fight the diseases and the best way for people to reach the optimum level of health. Programmes were made to fight and to campaign against different kinds of disease but this will not work if people lacks awareness and knowledge about it. Inequalities that exist in terms of accessibility to health services greatly affects the health level of

“Estimated to be diagnosed in 1 of every 8 women in their lifetime, breast cancer continues to present a public health concern (Haber 2322)”. Breast cancer is not biased. It affects men and women of all races and ages. “Cancer represents 30% of the burden posed by no communicable diseases in the Region of the Americas of the World Health Organization (Luciani, Silvana 640)”. In men it affects less than 1 percent of the population. Routine mammograms and checkups are not only healthy but can also save lives. Giving the doctor thirty minutes of your time could ultimately mean the difference between life and death in some cases.

Breast cancer is turning to be one of the top killer women in the world. This kind of cancerous tumor is attacking breast tissue of woman. A disease in which abnormal cells in the breast divide and multiply in an uncontrolled fashion. The cells can invade nearby tissue and can spread through the bloodstream and lymphatic system to others part of the body and start to kill the organ one by one. By giving a breast cancer treatment will decrease the number of population who has this illness. Because so many different women have contracted breast cancer, many forms of treatment have been developed to attend to their specific needs. New research and development in the area of breast cancer allow Americans several

Over 240,000 women will be diagnosed with breast cancer in 2014 and it is estimated that 40,000 will not survive this terrible disease. Although these numbers seem daunting, believe it or not, breast cancer survival rates are actually on the incline. Many researchers and doctors believe this is due to the advances in treatment of cancers and in earlier detection which is the key in fighting almost any cancer; early detection. Women are taught to do monthly self-examinations to detect anything ‘out of the

Through these screenings, prognosis improves when breast cancers are discovered in their earlier stages. Better access to health care for all citizens owing to Singapore’s economic growth and urban development too, allowed for earlier detection (Jara-Lazaro, Thilagaratnam, & Tan, 2010). Life expectancy of breast cancer patients hence have improved quite spectacularly with early detection and successful treatments that delayed cancer deaths (Beesley et al., 2008). This means that more people have lived with and survived breast cancer (Jara-Lazaro, et al., 2010).